The hallmarks of aging.

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How researchers see this paper

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Long live FOXO: unraveling the role of FOXO proteins in aging and longevity (2015, background): “However, it is now known that aging can be modulated by genetic pathways and biochemical processes which are evolutionarily conserved (Kenyon, 2010b; Lopez-Otin et al., 2013).”
Wound repair and regeneration: Mechanisms, signaling, and translation (2014, neutral): “Yet, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying cellular aging and loss of organ function are still poorly understood (177).”
Measuring in vivo mitophagy (2015, background): “Aging is also accompanied by an increase in damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria (Balaban et al., 2005; López-Otı́n et al., 2013), a situation that might, by itself, be expected to result in increased mitophagy.”
Extracellular miRNAs: From Biomarkers to Mediators of Physiology and Disease (2019, background): “Dysregulated nutrient sensing and altered intercellular communication are hallmarks of aging (Lopez-Otin et al., 2013) and reflect dysfunction in whole-body metabolic homeostasis.”
Measuring biological aging in humans: A quest (2019, background): “…shortening, metabolic and proteostatic stress, reactive oxidative species (ROS), oncogene activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic changes, and other mechanisms that have not been fully clarified (Childs, Durik, Baker, & van Deursen, 2015; Childs et al., 2017; López-Otín et al., 2013).”