Is Crowding Out Due Entirely to Fundraising? Evidence from a Panel of Charities

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Government Support and Charitable Donations: A Meta-Analysis of the Crowding-out Hypothesis (2016, background): “The latter effect has been labeled “fundraising crowd-out” and is a plausible explanation of the negative relation between government support and private donations (Andreoni and Payne 2003, 2011; Hughes, Luksetich, and Rooney 2014).”
The Impact of Revenue Diversification on Nonprofit Financial Health: A Meta-analysis (2018, background): “Andreoni and Payne (2011) explored why public subsidies crowd out private donations and found that the crowding out effect is due primarily to reduced efforts of fundraising after receiving public subsidies.”
Crowding Out and Crowding In of Private Donations and Government Grants (2014, background): “In particular, a growing literature examines how a charity’s fund-raising expenditures change in response to government grants (Andreoni and Payne 2003, 2011).”
Why Do People Give? Testing Pure and Impure Altruism (2014, unknown): “Lab experiments eliminate fundraising responses to giving‐by‐others (Andreoni and Payne, 2011), and offer the potential to control the information each donor has about the level of giving‐by‐others (Vesterlund, 2006).”