EVOLUTION OF ORNAMENTATION AND COURTSHIP BEHAVIOR IN SCHIZOCOSA: INSIGHTS FROM A PHYLOGENY BASED ON MORPHOLOGY (ARANEAE, LYCOSIDAE)

By G. Stratton. 2005

96 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract A phylogenetic analysis for the North American Schizocosa species was undertaken by scoring 49 morphological characters for 31 taxa representing all of the Nearctic species of Schizocosa plus individuals that are hybrids between S. ocreata and S. rovneri. Rabidosa rabida, Allocosa georgicola and Gladicosa pulchra were used as outgroups. Three clades are recognized: a large clade from eastern North America (Clade A) within which is nested the S. ocreata clade; Clade B, which includes the widespread S. avida and the western S. mccooki, and a smaller, third clade, Clade C. Sexual ornamentation occurs on the first legs of mature males of several species within the Schizocosa and takes the form of pigmentation and or bristles primarily on the tibia of leg I; there is at least one species with bristles in each of the three main clades. Mapping the occurrence of male ornamentation on the preferred phylogeny suggests that ornamentation evolved 5 or 6 separate times and was subsequently lost 2 or 3 times. The ornamentation is concentrated in the S. ocreata clade, a clade defined by a finger like projection on the paleal process of the male pedipalp. Courtship behavior is known for 20 of the 31 taxa. All species studied utilize chemical communication and seismic signals for communication; some species also have distinct visual signals. Seismic signals are produced by palpal drumming (as is seen in several species within Clade B), or by stridulation (seen in Clade A). Visual signals consisting of movements of the first pair of legs are common in species that are distinctly ornamented. This study provides the first phylogenetic study of a North American genus of wolf spider and provides morphometric comparisons of the North American species in Schizocosa.

Subfields: Genetics, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Paleontology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5e874cec620cea77a09e857720ca1e99a6495ce0

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Citations in the corpus

Female mate choice based upon male motor performance (2010, background): “Schizocosa wolf spiders are well known for their elaborate courtship dances and associated ornaments (Hebets and Uetz, 2000; Stratton, 2005; Framenau and Hebets, 2007).”
Courtship effort is a better predictor of mating success than ornamentation for male wolf spiders (2009, background): “…to Keywords: condition dependent, honest indicator, mate choice learning, mate choice, performance, Schizocosa, sexual selection 1242 their variable and often elaborate secondary sexual characters frequently associated with conspicuous courtship movements (Stratton 2005; Framenau and Hebets 2007).”
Male signaling behavior and sexual selection in a wolf spider (Araneae: Lycosidae): a test for dual functions (2007, background): “The complex, multimodal (seismic and visual) signaling behavior of the brush-legged wolf spider, Schizocosa ocreata (Hentz) (Araneae: Lycosidae) has been studied extensively (see reviews in Uetz 2000; Uetz and Roberts 2002; Stratton 2005).”
Seismic communication and mate choice in wolf spiders: components of male seismic signals and mating success (2008, background): “In the wolf spider genus Schizocosa (family Lycosidae), males of different species produce courtship displays that are either unimodal or multimodal (Miller et al. 1998; Hebets & Uetz 1999, 2000; Uetz 2000; Hebets 2005; Stratton 2005; Elias et al. 2006b).”
Diet influences mate choice selectivity in adult female wolf spiders (2008, background): “Because of their abundance and diversity, considerable research has focused on the evolution of male secondary sexual traits and female choice among various Schizocosa species (Hebets, 2003; Hebets, 2005; Stratton, 2005; Hebets et al., 2006; Hebets and Vink, 2007; Uetz and Norton, 2007; reviewed in ”
Complex courtship displays facilitate male reproductive success and plasticity in signaling across variable environments (2011, background): “…visual, near-field; Kotiaho et al., 1996; Uetz and Roberts, 2002; Stratton, 2005; Rundus et al., 2010), in the degree of ornamentation (review of genus Schizocosa Stratton, 2005; Framenau and Hebets, 2007), and in the complexity of the visual display (Hebets and Uetz, 2000; Stratton, 2005).”