Early abscisic acid signal transduction mechanisms: newly discovered components and newly emerging questions.

By K. Hubbard, N. Nishimura, K. Hitomi, E. Getzoff, J. Schroeder. Genes & Development, 2010

662 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates many key processes in plants, including seed germination and development and abiotic stress tolerance, particularly drought resistance. Understanding early events in ABA signal transduction has been a major goal of plant research. The recent identification of the PYRABACTIN (4-bromo-N-[pyridin-2-yl methyl]naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) RESISTANCE (PYR)/REGULATORY COMPONENT OF ABA RECEPTOR (RCAR) family of ABA receptors and their biochemical mode of action represents a major breakthrough in the field. The solving of PYR/RCAR structures provides a context for resolving mechanisms mediating ABA control of protein-protein interactions for downstream signaling. Recent studies show that a pathway based on PYR/RCAR ABA receptors, PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE 2Cs (PP2Cs), and SNF1-RELATED PROTEIN KINASE 2s (SnRK2s) forms the primary basis of an early ABA signaling module. This pathway interfaces with ion channels, transcription factors, and other targets, thus providing a mechanistic connection between the phytohormone and ABA-induced responses. This emerging PYR/RCAR-PP2C-SnRK2 model of ABA signal transduction is reviewed here, and provides an opportunity for testing novel hypotheses concerning ABA signaling. We address newly emerging questions, including the potential roles of different PYR/RCAR isoforms, and the significance of ABA-induced versus constitutive PYR/RCAR-PP2C interactions. We also consider how the PYR/RCAR-PP2C-SnRK2 pathway interfaces with ABA-dependent gene expression, ion channel regulation, and control of small molecule signaling. These exciting developments provide researchers with a framework through which early ABA signaling can be understood, and allow novel questions about the hormone response pathway and possible applications in stress resistance engineering of plants to be addressed.

Subfields: Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5e845ae9c83b7b9a96d221a6f7a0988631655f3e

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Citations in the corpus

Hormone crosstalk in plant disease and defense: more than just jasmonate-salicylate antagonism. (2011, background): “Recent discoveries revealed the role of PYRABACTIN (4-bromo-N-1/2pyridin-2-yl methyl_naphthalene-1-sulfonamide) RESISTANCE (PYR)/REGULATORY COMPONENT OF ABA RECEPTOR (RCAR) proteins, which form a family of cytosolic ABA receptors commonly known as PYLs (PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE LIKE) (41, 78, 115, 142,”
Drought, salt, and temperature stress-induced metabolic rearrangements and regulatory networks (2012, positive): “…regulating diverse processes including development and responses to environmental stress and have been shown to regulate stress-induced MAPK and SnRK2 protein kinases negatively (Schweighofer et al., 2004; Cutler et al., 2010; Hubbard et al., 2010; Raghavendra et al., 2010; Umezawa et al., 2010).”
Effects of abiotic stress on plants: a systems biology perspective (2011, background): “ABA is a central regulator of many plant responses to environmental stresses, particularly osmotic stresses [9,34-36].”
Molecular Basis of the Core Regulatory Network in ABA Responses: Sensing, Signaling and Transport (2010, background): “There are recent reviews of the newly identifi ed soluble ABA receptor and its downstream signaling networks ( Cutler et al. 2010 , Hubbard et al. 2010 , Klingler et al. 2010 , Raghavendra et al. 2010 ).”
Comprehending crystalline β-carotene accumulation by comparing engineered cell models and the natural carotenoid-rich system of citrus (2011, neutral): “The regulation of a hormone-sensitive process depends on many inter-related factors regulating hormone perception and titre (Davies, 2004; Hubbard et al., 2010).”
Regulation of potassium transport in plants under hostile conditions: implications for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. (2014, background): “ABA is sensed by the cytosolic PYR/PYL/PCAR protein receptors, which inactivate (sequester) negative regulators, namely PP2C-type phosphatases (Hubbard et al. 2010).”
ABA-mediated transcriptional regulation in response to osmotic stress in plants (2011, methodology): “…a key role in a broad array of developmental processes and adaptive stress responses to environmental stimuli in plants (for reviews: Cutler et al. 2010; Finkelstein et al. 2002; Hubbard et al. 2010; Nambara and Marion-Poll 2005; Raghavendra et al. 2010; Wasilewska et al. 2008; Weiner et al. 2010).”
The role of ABA and MAPK signaling pathways in plant abiotic stress responses. (2014, background): “In turn, ABA-induced inhibition of PP2Cs leads to SnRK2 activation by activation loop autophosphorylation (Boudsocq et al., 2007), which allows the SnRK2s to relay the ABA signal to downstream effectors (Cutler et al., 2010; Hubbard et al., 2010; Umezawa et al., 2010).”
Role of DREBs in regulation of abiotic stress responses in plants. (2011, background): “Further, it is also proved that ABA is a major physiological signal that induces drought and high salinity responses (Gomez et al., 1988; Verslues and Bray, 2006; Farooq et al., 2009; Cutler et al., 2010; Hubbard et al., 2010).”