Regulation of potassium transport in plants under hostile conditions: implications for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance.

By Sergey Shabala, I. Pottosin. Physiologia Plantarum : An International Journal for Plant Biology, 2014

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Intracellular potassium homeostasis is a prerequisite for the optimal operation of plant metabolic machinery and plant's overall performance. It is controlled by K(+) uptake, efflux and intracellular and long-distance relocation, mediated by a large number of K(+) -selective and non-selective channels and transporters located at both plasma and vacuolar membranes. All abiotic and biotic stresses result in a significant disturbance to intracellular potassium homeostasis. In this work, we discuss molecular mechanisms and messengers mediating potassium transport and homeostasis focusing on four major environmental stresses: salinity, drought, flooding and biotic factors. We argue that cytosolic K(+) content may be considered as one of the 'master switches' enabling plant transition from the normal metabolism to 'hibernated state' during first hours after the stress exposure and then to a recovery phase. We show that all these stresses trigger substantial disturbance to K(+) homeostasis and provoke a feedback control on K(+) channels and transporters expression and post-translational regulation of their activity, optimizing K(+) absorption and usage, and, at the extreme end, assisting the programmed cell death. We discuss specific modes of regulation of the activity of K(+) channels and transporters by membrane voltage, intracellular Ca(2+) , reactive oxygen species, polyamines, phytohormones and gasotransmitters, and link this regulation with plant-adaptive responses to hostile environments.

Subfields: Plant Science

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Citations in the corpus

Effect of Salinity Stress on Physiological Changes in Winter and Spring Wheat (2021, methodology): “Poor performance in terms of growth might be linked with high cell membrane injury and senescence of leaves due to Na+ toxicity in growing embryos [4,39,47,48], and this suggestion is supported by the present study (Figures 1d and 4c).”
Salt-tolerant genes from halophytes are potential key players of salt tolerance in glycophytes (2016, background): “There are three families involved in potassium transport in plants, namely Shaker K channel, HAK (High Affinity K)/KUP (K UP take)/KT (K Transporter) and HKT (High affinity K Transporter) transporters and mostly active at the plasma membrane (Wang and Wu, 2013, Very et al., 2014; Shabala and Pottosi”
Plant Salinity Stress: Many Unanswered Questions Remain (2019, background): “Multiple reports suggest that K+ could play important role in cell signaling during salinity (Shabala 2009, 2017; Anschütz et al., 2014; Shabala and Pottosin, 2014; Wu et al., 2018).”
New Insights on Plant Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Their Potential Use for Breeding (2016, background): “Maintenance of K+ homeostasis is essential for enzyme activities, ionic and pH homeostasis, and cytosolic K+ is considered to be an attribute of plant adaptive responses to a broad range of environmental constraints (Shabala and Pottosin, 2014).”
Salicylic acid in plant salinity stress signalling and tolerance (2015, background): “nels (Shabala and Pottosin 2014; Anschutz et al. 2014).”
Biotic elicitors: a boon for the in-vitro production of plant secondary metabolites (2021, neutral): “1997; Shabala and Pottosin 2014).”
The Role of Na+ and K+ Transporters in Salt Stress Adaptation in Glycophytes (2017, background): “Under normal conditions cytosolic K concentrations are maintained at constant levels of about 100 mM, but at the onset of salt stress there is rapid decline in this concentration due to K efflux via K channels in both root and leaf cells (Shabala and Pottosin, 2014).”