Regulatory B cells inhibit EAE initiation in mice while other B cells promote disease progression.

By T. Matsushita, K. Yanaba, J. Bouaziz, M. Fujimoto, T. Tedder. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2008

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CD19(+)CD24(hi)CD38(hi) B cells exhibit regulatory capacity in healthy individuals but are functionally impaired in systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients. (2010, methodology): “(B) CD1d and CD5 expression on CD19 B cells was assessed by immunofluorescence as previously shown in mice (Matsushita et al., 2008; Yanaba et al., 2008a).”
Effector and regulatory B cells: modulators of CD4+ T cell immunity (2010, background): “The severity of EAE disease was found to be higher in mice that had been depleted of B cells 7 days before immunization with MOG peptide than in mice that were not B cell deplete”
B cell depletion therapy ameliorates autoimmune disease through ablation of IL-6–producing B cells (2012, background): “20111675 1001 Recent studies have shown that B cell depletion therapy (BCDT) can efficiently reduce disease progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR-MS) and in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE; Bar-Or et al., 2008; Hauser et al., 2008; Matsushita et al., 2008).”
B Lymphocytes Promote Insulin Resistance through Modulation of T Lymphocytes and Production of Pathogenic IgG Antibody (2011, background): “6b ), suggesting that CD20-specific mAb treatment may lead to alterations in IgG function in addition to its other effects on B cell”