Impact of farm-scale Bt maize on abundance of predatory arthropods in Spain

By M. D. L. Poza, Xavier Pons, G. Farinós, C. López, F. Ortego, M. Eizaguirre, P. Castanera, Ramon Albajes. 2005

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Transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis toxins and biological control (2006, background): “, which has been confirmed by a number of field studie”
Exposure of arthropod predators to Cry1Ab toxin in Bt maize fields (2006, background): “…impact of Bt maize on Orius spp. was investigated in several studies, all of which detected no detrimental effects on this predator group (Pilcher et al., 1997; Zwahlen et al., 2000; Bourguet et al., 2002; Jasinski et al., 2003; Musser & Shelton, 2003b; Pons et al., 2004; de la Poza et al., 2005).”
Abundance of non-target pests in transgenic Bt-maize: A farm scale study (2005, background): “Most reports indicate no negative effects on predators in the field (Pilcher et al., 1997; Bourguet et al., 2002; Musser & Shelton, 2003; De la Poza et al., 2005) or the laboratory (Orr & Landis, 1997; Zwahlen et al., 2000; Al-Deeb et al., 2001; Dutton et al., 2002; Candolfi et al., 2004; Pons et…”
Bt maize expressing Cry3Bb1 does not harm the spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, or its ladybird beetle predator, Stethorus punctillum (2010, background): “The species occurs in maize (De la Poza et al., 2005; Obrist et al., 2006a) and is a specialist predator of tetranychid mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) (Putman, 1955; Rott and Ponsonby, 2000; Biddinger et al., 2009).”