Neural Systems Involved in Fear Inhibition: Extinction and Conditioned Inhibition

By Michael Davis, W. Falls, J. Gewirtz. 2000

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Role of Inhibition in Exposure Therapy (2012, background): “Indeed, impaired inhibitory (or safety) learning to either a stimulus that does not signal threat (CS-) or to a stimulus that no longer signals threat (CS+ during extinction) has been theorized to be central to the pathology of anxiety disorders (Davis et al., 2000; Craske, et al., 2009).”
Facilitation of Conditioned Fear Extinction by Systemic Administration or Intra-Amygdala Infusions of d-Cycloserine as Assessed with Fear-Potentiated Startle in Rats (2002, background): “It is generally believed that extinction does not reflect unlearning of the original association but involves instead the formation of new associations that compete with the previously conditioned response (cf. Bouton and Bolles, 1985; Falls and Davis, 1995; Davis et al., 2000; Rescorla, 2001).”
Optimizing Exposure Therapy for Anxiety Disorders: An Inhibitory Learning and Inhibitory Regulation Approach (2015, background): “nals threat (CS+ during extinction) has been theorized to be central to the pathology of anxiety disorders [Davis et al., 2000; Craske et al., 2009a].”