Providing plant foods for natural enemies in farming systems: balancing practicalities and theory

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Recent advances in conservation biological control of arthropods by arthropods (2008, background): “The effect of flowering plants on natural enemies, especially parasitoids, has been relatively well studied recently and several reviews on different aspects of this subject are available (Pfiffner and Wyss, 2004; Heimpel and Jervis, 2005; Gurr et al., 2005).”
Habitat manipulation to mitigate the impacts of invasive arthropod pests (2010, background): “Another well-known type of habitat management to conserve natural enemies is the sowing of flower strips to provide nectar and pollen as food sources for natural enemies (Pfiffner and Wyss 2004; Gurr et al. 2005; Heimpel and Jervis 2005).”
Secondary plants used in biological control: A review (2012, background): “It is important to avoid the non-selective and haphazard use of plant species employing empirical data to test whether the floral resource can be used by the target species; the examination of mouthpart morphology and floral structure alone is not sufficient (Jervis et al. 2004; Gurr et al. 2005).”
The influence of floral resource subsidies on parasitism rates of leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in New Zealand vineyards (2006, background): “By planting flowers in an agroecosystem, growers can provide ‘resource subsidies’ for parasitoids, potentially improving biological control of insect pests (Gurr et al., 2004; Kean et al., 2003; Tylianakis et al., 2004).”