Evaluating Mesoscale NWP Models Using Kinetic Energy Spectra

By William C. Skamarock. 2004

1,028 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/5287e36139c615281f126e047555cc9c1ead81ac

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Citations in the corpus

Structure and Evolution of Mesoscale Convective Systems: Sensitivity to Cloud Microphysics in Convection‐Permitting Simulations Over the United States (2018, background): “Further, while 4-km grid spacing CPMmay be able to resolve mesoscale features associated with MCSs, the effective resolution (typically about seven horizontal grid spacing; e.g., Skamarock, 2004) is insufficient to resolve turbulence.”
The energy cascade in a strongly stratified fluid (2006, background): “Skamarock (2004) has performed a large statistical study of high-resolution forecast simulations, initialized with large-scale fields corresponding to observed data.”
Overview of the Meso-NH model version 5.4 and its applications (2018, methodology): “A common strategy to improve computational efficiency is to use explicit time-splitting schemes as shown by Wicker and Skamarock (2002). In Meso-NH, explicit Runge–Kutta”
Atmospheric Kinetic Energy Spectra from Global High-Resolution Nonhydrostatic Simulations (2014, background): “The slopes steepen again in the tails, indicating the effect of model filters on the kinetic energy (Skamarock 2004).”
Representation of the Subgrid-Scale Turbulent Transport in Convective Boundary Layers at Gray-Zone Resolutions (2015, methodology): “Moreover, the spectral peak scale (1– 2 z i ) is below the effective resolution (6–7 D ) for D 5 1000m (cf. Skamarock 2004), and the numerical diffusion by the ﬁfth-order horizontal advection scheme dominates the energy spectrum, resulting in a smaller contribution from the SGS parameterization…”
The pros and cons of diffusion, filters and fixers in Atmospheric General Circulation Models (2011, methodology): “Models like WRF (Skamarock et al 2008), CAM FV (Collins et al 2004) or the stretched-grid finite-difference model by Fox-Rabinovitz et al (1997) set the default to q = 1.”
Atmospheric Predictability: Why Butterflies Are Not of Practical Importance (2014, methodology): “Atmospheric kinetic energy density spectrum as a function of one-dimensional horizontal wavenumber adapted from Skamarock (2004), which is in turn based on data from Nastrom and Gage (1985) as plotted by Lindborg (1999).”
Importance of Resolving Kuroshio Front and Eddy Influence in Simulating the North Pacific Storm Track (2017, methodology): “Validation analyses are performed using the last ﬁve months [November–March (NDJFM)] of the WRF simulations with the ﬁrst month of the simulations (October of 2007) considered as model spinup (Skamarock 2004).”
A time-split nonhydrostatic atmospheric model for weather research and forecasting applications (2008, methodology): “There is also a sharp dropoff of energy at wavelength of approximately 7Dx–8Dx consistent with the summer season forecast-derived spectra [34].”
Resolving Tropical Cyclone Intensity in Models (2018, background): “In most grid point models, the filter scale is at least six grid lengths (Skamarock, 2004), and sometimes, it is far greater.”
Regional climate modelling (2008, background): “…indicates that length scales smaller than several grid points (from 2 to 10, depending on the accuracy standard) are inaccurately handled (e.g. [78] [91]), the coarse grids of operational CGCMs preclude resolving with sufficient accuracy several processes that are deemed important for direct…”
Deep moist atmospheric convection in a subkilometer global simulation (2013, background): “This model-induced limitation may be closely related to the model effective resolution [Skamarock, 2004], or the minimum scale resolved by the discretized model.”
Experiences with 0–36-h Explicit Convective Forecasts with the WRF-ARW Model (2008, methodology): “This result is also consistent with the kinetic energy spectral analyses of Skamarock (2004), who showed more generally that small-scale structures in such simulations are effectively spun up over the initial 6–12 h.”
Nested Mesoscale Large-Eddy Simulations with WRF: Performance in Real Test Cases (2012, methodology): “…and nests aimed to minimize such transition effects: 1) we always use a nesting ratio ( dx coarse / dx ﬁne ) of 3, as recommended for WRF (Skamarock2004), toensure that the small-scale information is gradually generated as the grid is reﬁned and 2) we center our domains in their parents…”
Influence of grid aspect ratio on planetary boundary layer turbulence in large-eddy simulations (2015, background): “Here, we assume L/∆x∼ 2− 10; Skamarock (2004)990 suggested that the effective resolution is about six times the grid spacing.”
Evaluation of Planetary Boundary Layer Parameterizations in Tropical Cyclones by Comparison of In Situ Observations and High-Resolution Simulations of Hurricane Isabel (2003). Part I: Initialization, Maximum Winds, and the Outer-Core Boundary Layer (2009, methodology): “Using an earlier version of WRF, Skamarock (2004) estimated the effective horizontal resolution of the model was 7 times the actual grid spacing.”