The Testing Charade: Pretending to Make Schools Better

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Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions (2020, unknown): “…rather than supporting school reforms that are attentive to the psychological needs of teachers and students (e.g., Early et al., 2016), education policies are compromising the quality of learning and instruction teachers can provide, especially for disadvantaged and ESL students (Korentz, 2017).”
Student Motivation and Associated Outcomes: A Meta-Analysis From Self-Determination Theory (2021, background): “…there are approaches that embrace external evaluations and incentives to promote learning such as high-stakes testing policies in which external contingencies are expected to foster improved student achievement (Koretz, 2017; Levitt, List, Neckermann, & Sadoff, 2016; Ryan & Weinstein, 2009).”