Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing for mm-Wave Channels

By Ansuman Adhikary, E. A. Safadi, M. Samimi, Rui Wang, Giuseppe Caire, Theodore Ted S. Rappaport, Andreas F. Molisch. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2013

358 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Massive MIMO systems are well-suited for mm-Wave communications, as large arrays can be built with reasonable form factors, and the high array gains enable reasonable coverage even for outdoor communications. One of the main obstacles for using such systems in frequency-division duplex mode, namely, the high overhead for the feedback of channel state information (CSI) to the transmitter, can be mitigated by the recently proposed joint spatial division and multiplexing (JSDM) algorithm. In this paper, we analyze the performance of this algorithm in some realistic propagation channels that take into account the partial overlap of the angular spectra from different users, as well as the sparsity of mm-Wave channels. We formulate the problem of user grouping for two different objectives, namely, maximizing spatial multiplexing and maximizing total received power in a graph-theoretic framework. As the resulting problems are numerically difficult, we proposed (sub optimum) greedy algorithms as efficient solution methods. Numerical examples show that the different algorithms may be superior in different settings. We furthermore develop a new, “degenerate” version of JSDM that only requires average CSI at the transmitter and thus greatly reduces the computational burden. Evaluations in propagation channels obtained from ray tracing results, as well as in measured outdoor channels, show that this low-complexity version performs surprisingly well in mm-Wave channels.

Subfields: Computer Networks and Communications, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/49ccd47e7502a85a4941ffcf6fd12c582c10f3fa

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Citations in the corpus

Millimeter Wave Cellular Networks: A MAC Layer Perspective (2015, background): “Note that with single antenna UEs (semi-directional communication scenario), there is a one-to-one mapping between being spatially close to each other and belonging to the same group [36]–[38].”
Spatial- and Frequency-Wideband Effects in Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems (2017, background): “With a huge number of antennas and the corresponding CSI, beamforming can reach a high spatial resolution [16], [17].”
Generative Adversarial Estimation of Channel Covariance in Vehicular Millimeter Wave Systems (2018, background): “Since estimating the full channel matrices every coherence time may not be feasible in these highlymobile systems, a reasonable approach is to obtain long-term channel statistics such as spatial channel covariance, which can then be leveraged for both the channel estimation and the precoder design [”
Millimeter-Wave Communications: Physical Channel Models, Design Considerations, Antenna Constructions, and Link-Budget (2018, methodology): “In this case, some of the users receiving a cluster from the same reflecting objects would share the same second-order spatial characteristics and hence maybe considered as one group [177].”
Beam Division Multiple Access Transmission for Massive MIMO Communications (2015, background): “In this light, Joint Spatial Division and Multiplexing (JSDM) proposed in [13]–[15], offers strong potential to achieve massive MIMO link gains for FDD systems.”
6G Wireless Systems: Vision, Requirements, Challenges, Insights, and Opportunities (2020, background): “hemes need to be determined. Promising research efforts in this area include adaptation of the pilot signal spacing in time and frequency domain, exploitation of limited angular spread of the channel [97,98], and advanced signal processing methods for reduction of pilot contamination [99,100]. A rel”
Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Communication for Future Wireless Systems: A Survey (2018, background): “, only a couple of spatial streams can be supported), thereby limiting achievable multiplexing gains [95], [98], [99].”
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Millimeter Wave Channel Modeling and Cellular Capacity Evaluation (2013, background): “The presence of multiple clusters of paths implies the possibility of both spatial multiplexing and diversity gains—see also [27].”
A Survey on Hybrid Beamforming Techniques in 5G: Architecture and System Model Perspectives (2018, background): “In mmWave systems, the closely located UEs can be treated as a group and BS can use separate analog beam for each group [172].”
Hybrid Beamforming for Massive MIMO - A Survey (2016, background): “To solve this problem, [23] proposes to eliminate overlapped beams of UEs in different groups.”
Wideband Millimeter-Wave Propagation Measurements and Channel Models for Future Wireless Communication System Design (2015, background): “More reliance on analog processing at either or both the RF (Radio Frequency) or IF (Intermediate Frequency) may be possible as technological advancements are made [1], [3], [6], [43], [56]–[60].”
Millimeter Wave MIMO With Lens Antenna Array: A New Path Division Multiplexing Paradigm (2015, background): “Similarly in [42], [43], an AoA-based user grouping technique is proposed, which leads to the so-called joint spatial division and multiplexing scheme that makes massive MIMO also possible for frequency division duplexing (FDD) systems due to the signiﬁcantly reduced channel estimation overhead…”