Human Papillomavirus and Cervical Cancer

By E. Unger, E. Barr. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 2004

2,315 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Though cervical cancer is highly curable when detected early, it remains one of the leading causes of cancer death in women worldwide. Early detection is effective because the precursor lesions evolve slowly into invasive cancer, typically over a period of >10 years. These precursor lesions (dysplasias or cervical intraepithelial neoplasias [CIN]) are detected with cervical cytology screening, the Pap smear. In every country where a Pap smear screening program has been introduced, rates of cervical cancer have been substantially reduced. The discovery that human papillomaviruses (HPV) are etiologically linked with cervical cancer has led to efforts to apply this knowledge to improve cervical cancer screening and to potentially prevent cervical cancer through vaccination.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/49bc057262ebc37e0ce60863f1ee069fafe62f93

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

1. R. Siegel
2. A. Jemal
3. A. Kostic
4. Lindsey A. Torre
5. J. Doorbar
6. W. Garrett
7. Elizabeth E. Ward
8. Dirk Gevers

Citations in the corpus

• Genomic analysis identifies association of Fusobacterium with colorectal carcinoma. (2012, background): “Several viruses that can integrate into the human genome directly cause cancer, such as human papillomavirus in cervical cancer (zur Hausen 2009) and Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in Kaposi’s sarcoma (Chang et al. 1994).”
• The biology and life-cycle of human papillomaviruses. (2012, background): “Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions LSIL), where infectious particles are produced, are generally flat nd inconspicuous, and in most cases these will regress spontaeously within 18 months [4,46,47].”
• A review of clinical trials of human papillomavirus prophylactic vaccines. (2012, background): “Trial size and duration would be unmanageable, since cancer is a rare outcome of persistent oncogenic HPV infection, and it usually takes more than a decade for cancers to develop from incident infection [18].”
• American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. (2012, unknown): “The establishment of the causal link between HPV and cervical cancer, along with an understanding of the epidemiology and natural history of HPV infection, has led to a new model for cervical carcinogenesis: HPV acquisition, HPV persistence (versus clearance), progression to precancer, and invasion ”
• iArc monogrAphs on the evAluAtion oF cArcinogenic risks to humAns (2012, background): “Persistence is not sufficient for carcinogenicity because there are non-carcinogenic types, like HPV 61, that persist without carcinogenic risk (Schiffman et al., 2007).”
• What is Cervical Cancer (2017, background): “By the time symptoms appear, cancer may have begun to spread [6-8].”
• Oral squamous cell carcinomas: state of the field and emerging directions (2023, background): “61,62 HPV can cause precancerous squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, which has the potential to become malignant, 63 and has been hypothesized to assist in OSCC progression.”
• Global Cancer in Women: Burden and Trends (2017, background): “Factors thatincreasecervical cancer risk in women infected with high-risk HPV subtypes include higher parity, oral contraceptive use, HIV infection, and smoking (46, 47).”