Natural selection of tumor variants in the generation of “tumor escape” phenotypes

By H. Khong, N. Restifo. Nature Immunology, 2002

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Inflammation, a Key Event in Cancer Development (2006, background): “However, the increasing concern is that inflammatory cells act as tumor promoters in inflammationassociated cancers (3, 58, 59).”
Immunosuppressive strategies that are mediated by tumor cells. (2007, background): “These include alterations of components of the antigen presentation machinery, defects in proximal TCR signaling, secretion of immunosuppressive and proapoptotic factors, activation of negative regulatory pathways and specific recruitment of regulatory cell populations (2,27,52,53) (Fig.”
Clodronate-liposome-mediated depletion of tumour-associated macrophages: a new and highly effective antiangiogenic therapy approach (2006, background): “Instead, they appear to have been selected to manipulate the host immune system to prevent rejection and to use it to facilitate their own growth and spread (Khong and Restifo, 2002; Ochsenbein, 2005).”
Molecular and genetic properties of tumors associated with local immune cytolytic activity (2015, positive): “Given the requirement of MHC Class I and B2M in presenting tumor antigens to cytotoxic CD8 T cells, we consider the enrichment of MHC Class I and B2M mutations in high-CYT tumors (Khong and Restifo, 2002) as an independent and strong validation of CYT as a measure of cytolytic activity.”