The Medial Frontal Cortex and the Rapid Processing of Monetary Gains and Losses

By William J. Gehring, Adrian R. Willoughby. Science, 2002

1,856 citations recorded by the source corpus.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3da4ff66a50241628680210acf929593486b8164

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In Cognitive Neuroscience

Citations in the corpus

The neural basis of decision making. (2007, background): “How does the brain form decisions that involve more than two alternatives? making the ﬁnal choice?”
Ventral striatal and medial prefrontal BOLD activation is correlated with reward-related electrocortical activity: A combined ERP and fMRI study (2011, methodology): “negative outcomes such as monetary rewards (Gehring and Willoughby, 2002; Miltner et al., 1997).”
A core system for the implementation of task sets. (2006, result): “…manner (Badre and Wagner, 2004; Botvinick et al., 1999; Brown and Braver, 2005; Buchel et al., 1998; Bush et al., 2002; Carter et al., 2000; Eisenberger et al., 2003; Gehring and Willoughby, 2002; Holroyd et al., 2004; Kerns et al., 2004; van Schie et al., 2004; Williams et al., 2004).”
Surprise signals in anterior cingulate cortex: Neuronal encoding of unsigned reward prediction errors driving adjustment in behavior (2011, background): “, 2008), and is involved in action and outcome monitoring (Shima and Tanji, 1998; Gehring and Willoughby, 2002; Holroyd and Coles, 2002; Matsumoto et al., 2007).”
Action sets and decisions in the medial frontal cortex. (2004, positive): “Evidence that the ACC encodes the value of outcomes comes from scalp recordings of ERPs with ACC dipole sources [ 53 ].”
An Introduction to the Event-Related Potential Technique (2005, background): “More recent studies have demonstrated that the ERN can be elicited by negative feedback following an incorrect response (Gehring & Willoughby, 2002) or by observing someone else making an incorrect response (van Schie, Mars, Coles, & Bekkering, 2004).”
Conflict monitoring and decision making: Reconciling two perspectives on anterior cingulate function (2007, background): “Gehring and Willoughby (2002), for example, reported ACC engagement when subjects were informed of the outcomes of their decisions in a gambling task.”
The feedback-related negativity reflects the binary evaluation of good versus bad outcomes. (2006, positive): “In terms of the neural generator of the FRN, ERP studies consistently suggest a single source in the medial frontal cortex—most likely in the ACC (Gehring and Willoughby, 2002; Holroyd and Coles, 2002; Luu et al., 2003, but see Nieuwenhuis et al., in press).”
The feedback-related negativity (FRN) revisited: New insights into the localization, meaning and network organization (2014, background): “In the FRNGA analysis, the peak of our difference wave was mainly caused by a decreased positive deflection for punishments rather than an increased negative going peak as reported by Gehring and Willoughby (2002).”
On the ERN and the significance of errors. (2005, positive): “Based on these data, several authors have now assigned an important role for affective and motivational factors in their conceptualization of the ERN ( Gehring & Willoughby, 2002; Hajcak, McDonald, et al., 2004; Luu et al., 2000; Luu, Tucker, Derryberry, Reed, & Pulsen, 2003; Luu & Tucker, in press”
Anterior cingulate cortex, selection for action, and error processing (2004, background): “Results from another study are consistent with this view (Gehring & Willougby, 2002).”
Behavioral shifts and action valuation in the anterior cingulate cortex. (2008, positive): “Indeed, recent work showed mid-frontal event-related potentials possibly produced by the ACC and related to correct performance or to reward gain (Gehring and Willoughby, 2002; Vidal et al., 2003).”
The social brain? (2007, background): “A negative event-related potential component arising from the MPFC is seen not only when we make an error, but also when we receive delayed error feedback (Gehring & Willoughby 2002; Luu et al. 2003) or observe someone else making an error (van Schie et al. 2004; Bates et al. 2005).”