Forgiveness as Human Strength: Theory, Measurement, and Links to Well-Being

By M. McCullough. 2000

581 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Social Psychology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3bdcb0dabad785a9429417b4f595544904bcec3e

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Citations in the corpus

The Science of Wisdom in a Polarized World: Knowns and Unknowns (2020, unknown): “…Meindl, & Helzer, 2014; Peterson & Seligman, 2004), which include a range of characteristics such as courage, gratitude (e.g., DeSteno, Li, Dickens, & Lerner, 2014; McCullough, Kilpatrick, Emmons, & Larson, 2001), compassion (Goetz, Keltner, & Simon-Thomas, 2010) and forgiveness (McCullough, 2000).”
A lifespan perspective on attachment and care for others: Empathy, altruism, and prosocial behavior (2016, background): “…Verette, Whitney, Slovik, & Lipkus, 1991, called “accommodation”) of interpersonal motives—containment of angry feelings and regulation of the impulse to act destructively, while finding a constructive way to overcome an impasse created by another person’s hurtful behavior (e.g., McCullough, 2000).”
Integrating Positive and Clinical Psychology: Viewing Human Functioning as Continua from Positive to Negative Can Benefit Clinical Assessment, Interventions and Understandings of Resilience (2017, background): “For example, work in positive psychology has focused on personality variables such as gratitude (Wood, Froh, & Geraghty, 2010), forgiveness (McCullough, 2000), courage (Woodard & Pury, 2007), generosity (Dunn, Aknin, & Norton, 2008), and optimism (Scheier & Carver, 1985), which are qualitatively…”
Don't apologize unless you mean it: A laboratory investigation of forgiveness and retaliation (2004, background): “Individuals are described as forgiving if they inhibit retaliatory or destructive responses, and instead respond with conciliatory or constructive behaviors, affect, and cognitions (McCullough, 2000; McCullough, Worthington, & Rachal, 1997; Rusbult, Verette, Whitney, Slovik, & Lipkus, 1991; Subkovia”
Toward a Multicultural Positive Psychology: (2003, background): “Third, forgiveness often leads to the restoration of relational closeness following a transgression, thus helping people maintain a more stable network of sup portive relationships (McCullough, 2000).”
The Amplifying and Buffering Effects of Virtuousness in Downsized Organizations (2006, background): “…richer social relationships, higher satisfaction, greater feelings of empowerment, less physical illness, faster recovery from disease and injury, and less depression and anxiety in people than those holding unforgiving feelings and attitudes (Fitzgibbons, 1986; McCullough, 2000; Witvliet, 2001).”
Wise Reasoning in the Face of Everyday Life Challenges (2016, background): “, 2014), adaptive emotion regulation (more reappraisal and less maladaptive thought suppression; Aldao, Nolen-Hoeksema, & Schweizer, 2010), a focus on the big picture meaning (Labroo & Patrick, 2009), and forgiveness (i.e., an emotion-focused coping strategy in interpersonal relationships; McCulloug”
The tendency to forgive in dating and married couples: The role of attachment and relationship satisfaction (2004, background): “For example, agreeableness (Worthington, 1998b; McCullough, 2000), emotional stability (Ashton et al., 1998; McCullough & Hoyt, 1999), and religiosity (McCullough & Worthington, 1999) are believed to be related to an increased tendency to forgive, while narcissism (Emmons, 2000) and pride…”
STRENGTHS OF CHARACTER AND WELL-BEING (2004, background): “…psychologists who study given strengths—whether hope (Snyder, 2000), kindness (Taylor et al., 2000), gratitude (Emmons & Hill, 2001), forgiveness (McCullough, 2000), open–mindedness (Baron, 2000), curiosity (Loewenstein, 1994), and so on—would say that the specific strength on which they focus…”
Dispositional forgiveness of self, others, and situations. (2005, background): “Most agree, however, that forgiveness is an adaptive trait or behavior (e.g., Droll, 1985; Freedman & Enright, 1996; Malcom & Greenberg, 2000; Mauger et al., 1992; McCullough, 2000; McCullough & Worthington, 1995).”
Examining Ways That a Mindfulness-Based Intervention Reduces Stress in Public School Teachers: a Mixed-Methods Study (2016, background): “Forgiveness is defined as a prosocial change in an aggrieved individual’s thoughts, emotions, and/or behaviors toward a blameworthy transgressor, including a reduction or elimination of resentment and motives toward revenge and decreased behavioral avoidance of the transgressor (Enright and Fitzgibb”
Forgivingness, vengeful rumination, and affective traits. (2005, background): “Several researchers have stressed the need for research on forgiveness at the dispositional level (Emmons, 2000; Mauger et al., 1992; McCullough, 2000; Mullet et al., 1998; Worthington & Wade, 1999).”
Back to caring after being hurt: The role of forgiveness (2004, background): “By examining the link between forgiveness and pro-relationship motivation and behaviour, the current findings provide preliminary answers to the question of whether and why forgiveness can be regarded as a relationship maintenance construct (e.g. Fincham, 2000; McCullough, 2000).”
The role of trait forgiveness and relationship satisfaction in episodic forgiveness (2007, background): “Because researchers have mainly focused on forgiveness as a response to interpersonal transgressions, differences in people’s disposition to forgive have gone largely unstudied (e.g., Emmons, 2000; McCullough, 2000).”