Blood–brain barrier structure and function and the challenges for CNS drug delivery

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The microenvironmental landscape of brain tumors (2017, background): “Thus, administration of vincristine in combination with agents that transiently open the BBB, or, for example, nanoparticle formulations (Abbott, 2013; O’Keeffe and Campbell, 2016), will likely be necessary to improve drug delivery in this tumor and other brain malignancies in which the BBB remains…”
A new look at cerebrospinal fluid circulation (2014, background): “Recent research has unveiled that the ‘barrier’ function of the BBB is in fact the result of highly regulated and complex cellular and molecular transport processes, which allow for the transport of water, solutes, larger molecules and even cells (reviewed by [108-110]).”
Drug Resistance in Epilepsy: Clinical Impact, Potential Mechanisms, and New Innovative Treatment Options (2020, background): “The role of multidrug efflux transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp), at the BBB in restricting brain entry of multiple drugs is widely accepted (Giacomini et al., 2010; Neuwelt et al., 2011; Abbott, 2013; König et al., 2013; Saunders et al., 2016).”