Arms races between and within species

By R. Dawkins, J. Krebs. 1979

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Citations in the corpus

Emergent Tool Use From Multi-Agent Autocurricula (2019, background): “The vast amount of complexity and diversity on Earth evolved due to co-evolution and competition between organisms, directed by natural selection [5].”
Fears, phobias, and preparedness: toward an evolved module of fear and fear learning. (2001, background): “These two processes were tied together in an evolutionary arms race in which the emergence of more effective hunting strategies of predators forced potential prey animals to evolve more effective predatory defense and vice versa (Dawkins & Krebs, 1979).”
Mimicry in coral reef fish: how accurate is this deception in terms of color and luminance? (2009, background): “…and Batesian mimics are often considered to beinvolved in an evolutionary arms race: mimics are under selection to appear more similar to their models to avoid recognition, whereas signal receivers are under selection to improve discrimination between models and mimics (Dawkins and Krebs 1979).”
Evolution of Cartesian Genetic Programs for Development of Learning Neural Architecture (2011, background): “competing solutions create an “arms race” of increasingly better solutions (Dawkins and Krebs, 1979; Rosin and Belew, 1997; Van Valin, 1973).”
Cuckoo adaptations: trickery and tuning (2011, background): “These should select for cuckoo trickery, leading to selection for improved host defences, further cuckoo trickery, and so on, a cycle of co-evolution where each party evolves in response to selection pressure from the other party (Dawkins & Krebs, 1979).”
Activity patterns of predator and prey: a simultaneous study of GPS-collared wolves and moose (2011, background): “Continuous arms races are believed to be ongoing in predator-prey systems (Dawkins & Krebs 1979; Matter & Mannan 2005), resulting in a variety of predator- and anti-predator adaptations (Stephens & Peterson 1984).”
Competitive Coevolution through Evolutionary Complexification (2011, background): “Ideally, competing solutions will continually outdo one another, leading to an ”arms race” of increasingly better solutions (Dawkins and Krebs 1979; Rosin 1997; Van Valin 1973).”
The evolution of nestling discrimination by hosts of parasitic birds: why is rejection so rare? (2006, unknown): “This rarity of nestling discrimination is even more enigmatic because other phenotypic changes and behavioural traits involved in arms-races (Dawkins and Krebs, 1979) between brood parasites and their hosts provide textbook examples of adaptations and co-evolution [e.g. egg mimicry by cuckoo host…”
The Red Queen revisited: reevaluating the age selectivity of Phanerozoic marine genus extinctions (2008, background): “Despite its macroevolutionary origins, the Red Queen’s hypothesis has had its greatest impact on microevolutionary and ecological theory (Dawkins and Krebs 1979; Stenseth and Maynard-Smith 1984; Dieckmann et al. 1995; Clay and Kover 1996; Marrow et al. 1996; Warwick and Clarke 1996), and it is…”