A giant planet candidate near a young brown dwarf - Direct VLT/NACO observations using IR wavefront sensing

By G. Chauvin, Anne-Marie Lagrange, C. Dumas, B. Zuckerman, David Mouillet, Inseok Song, J. Beuzit, P. Lowrance. 2004

565 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We present deep VLT/NACO infrared imaging and spectroscopic observations of the brown dwarf 2MASSWJ 1207334−393254, obtained during our on-going adaptive optics survey of southern young, nearby associations. This ∼25 MJup brown dwarf, located ∼70 pc from Earth, has been recently identified as a member of the TW Hydrae Association (age ∼ 8 Myr). Using adaptive optics infrared wavefront sensing to acquire sharp images of its circumstellar environment, we discovered a very faint and very red object at a close separation of ∼780 mas (∼55 AU). Photometry in the H, Ks and Lbands and upper limit in J-band are compatible with a spectral type L5−L9.5. Near-infrared spectroscopy is consistent with this spec- tral type estimate. Different evolutionary models predict an object within the planetary regime with a mass of M = 5 ± 2 MJup and an effective temperature of Teff = 1250 ± 200 K.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/341c07d8359cf6a592382367b42050e6428f6963

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In Astronomy and Astrophysics

1. Michael C. Liu
2. B. Bowler
3. Jon Fortney
4. T. Dupuy
5. M. Marley
6. A. Burgasser
7. K. Luhman
8. J. D. Kirkpatrick

Citations in the corpus

• The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets - XXXI. The M-dwarf sample (2011, background): “…planetary-mass objects formed at the lower end of the main sequence, let us mention the ∼ 5 MJup companion detected with RV measurements around the young brown dwarf Cha Hα 8 (Joergens & Müller 2007) and the ∼ 5 MJup companion imaged around another young brown dwarf 2M1207 (Chauvin et al. 2004).”
• DIRECT IMAGING OF A COLD JOVIAN EXOPLANET IN ORBIT AROUND THE SUN-LIKE STAR GJ 504 (2013, background): “The inferred effective temperature is significantly colder than the values of 800–1800 K inferred for previously imaged planets (Marois et al. 2008; Chauvin et al. 2004; Bonnefoy et al. 2011).”
• The Formation and Early Evolution of Low-Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs (2012, background): “This sample consists of members of IC 348 (source 201, Luhman 1999), Taurus (V410 X-ray 3, Luhman et al. 1998), and TWA (2M 1207- 3932 A and B, Chauvin et al. 2004, Gizis 2002), three young field dwarfs (2M 0141- 4633, 2M 2208+2921, 2M 0355+1133, Cruz, Kirkpatrick & Burgasser 2009; Kirkpatrick et…”
• A Moving Cluster Distance to the Exoplanet 2M1207b in the TW Hydrae Association (2005, methodology): “With the previous distance estimates (∼70 pc), Chauvin et al. (2004) estimates mass of 25MJup and 5MJup for A and B, respectively.”
• Discovery of Two T Dwarf Companions with the Spitzer Space Telescope (2006, unknown): “…(Rebolo et al. 1998), TWA 5 B (Lowrance et al. 1999; Neuhäuser et al. 2000b), HR 7329 B (Lowrance et al. 2000; Guenther et al. 2001), AB Pic B (Chauvin et al. 2005b), HD 49197 B (Metchev & Hillenbrand 2004), 2M 1207-3932 B (Chauvin et al. 2004, 2005a), and HD 203030 B (Metchev & Hillenbrand 2006).”
• The Field Substellar Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20 pc Census of 525 L, T, and Y Dwarfs (2020, background): “…a mass of 6.5+1.3−1.0 MJup (Liu et al. 2013), (2) 2MASSW J1207334−393254b, a lateL dwarf member of the TW Hya Association, which has a mass of 5±2 MJup (Chauvin et al. 2004), and (3) 2MASS J11193254−1137466AB, another late-L dwarf member of the TW Hya Association (Kellogg et al. 2016), which Best…”
• Giant Planet Companion to 2MASSW J1207334-393254 (2005, methodology): “In the close circumstellar environment of 2M1207 A, we discovered a faint planetary mass companion candidate (herafter 2M1207b; see Chauvin et al. 2004).”
• The Gemini Deep Planet Survey (2007, background): “…located beyond several tens of AU, in projection, from their primary: an ∼8MJupcompanion 40 AU from the BD 2M 1207−3932 (Mohanty et al. 2007; Chauvin et al. 2005a, 2004), a∼25 MJup companion 100 AU from the T Tauri star GQ Lup (Marois et al. 2007a; Seifahrt et al. 2007; Neuhäuser et al.…”
• FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS AND SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF YOUNG AND FIELD AGE OBJECTS WITH MASSES SPANNING THE STELLAR TO PLANETARY REGIME (2015, unknown): “…(84) Giclas et al. (1959), (85) Delfosse et al. (1997), (86) Scholz et al. (2005), (87) Gagné et al. (2015b), (88) Mohanty et al. (2007), (89) Chauvin et al. (2004), (90) Gagné et al. (2014), (91) Liebert et al. (2003), (92) Goldman et al. (2010), (93) Ruiz et al. (1997), (94) Tsvetanov et…”
• PLANETS AROUND LOW-MASS STARS (PALMS). IV. THE OUTER ARCHITECTURE OF M DWARF PLANETARY SYSTEMS (2014, background): “14 Interestingly, several planetary-mass companions are known around brown dwarfs (Chauvin et al. 2004; Todorov et al. 2010; Liu et al. 2012; Han et al. 2013), indicating an alternative formation mechanism of planetary-mass companions around very low host masses.”
• High-Contrast Imaging from Space: Speckle Nulling in a Low-Aberration Regime (2005, methodology): “Chauvin et al. (2004, 2005) have reported the infrared imaging of an EGP orbiting the nearby young brown dwarf 2M1207 (2MASSWJ1207334 393254)withNACO (association of NAOS [Nasmyth Adaptive Optics System] and CONICA [High Resolution Near Infrared Camera]) at VLT (Very Large Telescope), whereas…”
• MASSES, RADII, AND CLOUD PROPERTIES OF THE HR 8799 PLANETS (2012, background): “The companion 2MASSW J1207334-393254 b (hereafter 2M1207 b) has red infrared colors despite its low luminosity and apparently cool Teff (Chauvin et al. 2004).”
• Discovery of a planetary-mass companion within the gap of the transition disk around PDS 70 (2018, background): “Its H2-K1 colour is redder than most L dwarfs in the field, and is consistent with the very red companions to CD-35 2722 (Wahhaj et al. 2011) and 2M1207 (Chauvin et al. 2004), as well as with HIP 65426 (Chauvin et al. 2017b) within the uncertainties.”
• Catalog of Nearby Exoplanets (2006, methodology): “Two other planet candidates were detected by direct imaging, 2M1207 b (Chauvin et al. 2004), and GQ Lup b (Neuhäuser et al. 2005).”
• Stellar Multiplicity (2013, background): “…have discovered a small number of planetary-mass companions (∼ 4–20 MJup) at distances of & 100AU from young stars in nearby star-forming regions (Chauvin et al. 2004, Ireland et al. 2011, Lafrenière, Jayawardhana & van Kerkwijk 2008, Luhman et al. 2006, Neuhäuser et al. 2005, Schmidt et al.…”
• BANYAN. VII. A NEW POPULATION OF YOUNG SUBSTELLAR CANDIDATE MEMBERS OF NEARBY MOVING GROUPS FROM THE BASS SURVEY (2015, background): “…imaged young planets and brown dwarf companions do not suffer from this potential bias however, and their colors seem consistent with those of isolated young BDs Chauvin et al. 2004, 2005; Barman et al. 2011a; Bonnefoy et al. 2013; Delorme et al. 2013; Bowler et al. 2013; Currie et al. 2014.”
• Imaging Extrasolar Giant Planets (2016, background): “…clouds even at low effective temperatures where older, high-gravity brown dwarfs have already transitioned to T dwarfs (Metchev & Hillenbrand 2006; Chauvin et al. 2004; Marois et al. 2008; Patience et al. 2010; Bowler et al. 2010a; Faherty et al. 2012; Bowler et al. 2013; Liu et al. 2013;…”