The Formation and Early Evolution of Low-Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs

By K. Luhman. 2012

187 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The discovery of large numbers of young low-mass stars and brown dwarfs over the last decade has made it possible to investigate star formation and early evolution in a previously unexplored mass regime. In this review, we begin by describing surveys for low-mass members of nearby associations, open clusters, star-forming regions and the methods used to characterize their stellar properties. We then use observations of these populations to test theories of star formation and evolution at low masses. For comparison to the formation models, we consider the initial mass function, stellar multiplicity, circumstellar disks, protostellar characteristics, and kinematic and spatial distributions at birth for low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. To test the evolutionary models, we focus on measurements of dynamical masses and empirical Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams for young brown dwarfs and planetary companions. Posted with permission from the Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 50 c 2012 by Annual Reviews, http:// www.annualreviews.org.

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Citations in the corpus

Stellar Multiplicity (2013, background): “In the following decade, a slew of high-resolution surveys identified many systems, and thorough reviews of multiplicity in the substellar regime were presented by Burgasser et al. (2007) and Luhman (2012).”
FUNDAMENTAL PARAMETERS AND SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF YOUNG AND FIELD AGE OBJECTS WITH MASSES SPANNING THE STELLAR TO PLANETARY REGIME (2015, background): “This color mismatch for objects of the same luminosity implies that a BC in J or W2 is different for young and field age objects as suggested by Todorov et al. (2010), Osorio et al. (2010), Luhman (2012), Faherty et al. (2013), Liu et al. (2013), and Zapatero Osorio et al. (2014).”
Astrochemistry and compositions of planetary systems (2020, background): “More recently star formation has been reviewed by McKee and Ostriker (2007) and Luhman (2012). Here we present a brief summary of the current understanding of low-mass star formation, which will be the context for the remainder of the review.”
THE DISK POPULATION OF THE UPPER SCORPIUS ASSOCIATION (2012, result): “The disk fractions based on the data in Figure 3 are compared to similar measurements in younger clusters by Luhman (2012).”