Intestinal microbiota promote enteric virus replication and systemic pathogenesis

By Sharon K. Kuss, Gavin T. Best, Chris A. Etheredge, A. Pruijssers, Johnna M. Frierson, L. Hooper, T. Dermody, Julie K. Pfeiffer. Science, 2011

598 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Commensal microflora promote the pathogenesis of mucosally acquired viruses. Intestinal bacteria aid host health and limit bacterial pathogen colonization. However, the influence of bacteria on enteric viruses is largely unknown. We depleted the intestinal microbiota of mice with antibiotics before inoculation with poliovirus, an enteric virus. Antibiotic-treated mice were less susceptible to poliovirus disease and supported minimal viral replication in the intestine. Exposure to bacteria or their N-acetylglucosamine–containing surface polysaccharides, including lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan, enhanced poliovirus infectivity. We found that poliovirus binds lipopolysaccharide, and exposure of poliovirus to bacteria enhanced host cell association and infection. The pathogenesis of reovirus, an unrelated enteric virus, also was more severe in the presence of intestinal microbes. These results suggest that antibiotic-mediated microbiota depletion diminishes enteric virus infection and that enteric viruses exploit intestinal microbes for replication and transmission.

Subfields: Food Science, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2e698833cdb2bc10415bfc25498ffe3b9fa87cb2

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Food Science

1. D. Artis
2. Y. Belkaid

In Infectious Diseases

1. D. Artis
2. E. Wherry
3. Y. Belkaid
4. T. Hand

In Molecular Biology

1. D. Artis
2. Y. Belkaid
3. T. Hand

Citations in the corpus

• Viral and Bacterial Interactions in the Upper Respiratory Tract (2013, background): “[91], who showed that transmission of an enteric virus was less successful when the intestinal microbiota of mice were disbalanced by antibiotic treatment.”
• The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota (2014, unknown): “By using germ-free mice or antibiotic-treated mice it was shown that virus transmission to offspring was greatly reduced (Kane et al. 2011; Abundance and Diversity of Viruses in Holobionts 97 Kuss et al. 2011).”
• Commensal Bacteria Calibrate the Activation Threshold of Innate Antiviral Immunity (2012, background): “Conversely, commensal bacteria can increase viral infectivity in the gastrointestinal microenvironment (Kane et al., 2011; Kuss et al., 2011).”
• Role of the Microbiota in Immunity and inflammation (2014, background): “Indeed, early responses to microbial ligands such as LPS, the endotoxin found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacterial walls, condition gut epithelial cells to become hypo-responsive to subsequent TLR stimulation (Chassin et al., 2010; Lotz et al., 2006).”
• The role of microbiome in central nervous system disorders (2013, unknown): “However, GF condition in other studies is identified as anxiolytic and can resolve anxiety, correlated by decreased neurotransmitter receptors levels (Kuss et al., 2011; Neufeld et al., 2011).”