Bilinguals reading in their second language do not predict upcoming words as native readers do

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Coreference and discourse coherence in L2: The roles of grammatical aspect and referential form (2017, background): “ 42 more limited effects of prediction in L2 vs L1 groups (Kaan, Dallas, & Wijnen, 2010; Martin et al., 2013; cf. Foucart, Martin, Moreno, & Costa, 2014; see Kaan, 2014, for review and discussion of potential causes and mitigating factors).”
A cognitive load delays predictive eye movements similarly during L1 and L2 comprehension (2017, background): “Consider activation from a verb to its typical agents and patients (which occurs independently of sentence contexts; Ferretti, McRae & Hatherell, 2001).”
Investigating the time-course of phonological prediction in native and non-native speakers of English: A visual world eye-tracking study (2018, background): “As we have noted, Martin et al. (2013) used DeLong et al.’s (2005) paradigm, and found that L1 speakers showed a larger N400 for pre-nominal articles that were incompatible with the predictable word compared to articles that were compatible with the predictable word (e.g., an vs. a; in the context…”