Evolving concepts in biofilm infections

By L. Hall-Stoodley, P. Stoodley. Cellular Microbiology, 2009

1,120 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Several pathogens associated with chronic infections, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae in chronic otitis media, Staphylococcus aureus in chronic rhinosinusitis and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli in recurrent urinary tract infections, are linked to biofilm formation. Biofilms are usually defined as surface‐associated microbial communities, surrounded by an extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix. Biofilm formation has been demonstrated for numerous pathogens and is clearly an important microbial survival strategy. However, outside of dental plaques, fewer reports have investigated biofilm development in clinical samples. Typically biofilms are found in chronic diseases that resist host immune responses and antibiotic treatment and these characteristics are often cited for the ability of bacteria to persist in vivo. This review examines some recent attempts to examine the biofilm phenotype in vivo and discusses the challenges and implications for defining a biofilm phenotype.

Subfields: Molecular Biology, Otorhinolaryngology, Periodontics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2d133306b1ea3eed65a8f3fd3b2a85fc9fb37748

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Citations in the corpus

Macrolides and community-acquired pneumonia: is quorum sensing the key? (2010, background): “One of the diagnostic criteria for biofi lm infection is a culture-negative result despite a clinically documented infection [ 12 ], a situation encountered in 30 to 50% of severe sepsis and septic shock [6].”
The role of bacterial biofilms in chronic infections (2013, background): “These criteria were then re-evaluated to include: (i) only associated with a surface, but not firmly attached; (ii) a culture-negative result despite a clinically documented high suspicion of infection; and (iii) direct observation of protection against the host defences (344).”
Pseudomonas aeruginosa: new insights into pathogenesis and host defenses. (2013, background): “%) of the volume of the biofilm and imparts both a physical and chemical robustness to the community by resisting mechanical forces (e.g. flowing water) and decreasing the penetration of toxic chemicals (e.g. antibiotics, host defense molecules; Hall-Stoodley & Stoodley, 2009; Lieleg et al., 2011).”
Bacterial Extracellular Polysaccharides in Biofilm Formation and Function (2015, background): “In fact, a current criteria used to define infectious biofilms is increased recalcitrance to antimicrobials and the host immune response (77, 78).”
Bacterial Biofilm and its Role in the Pathogenesis of Disease (2020, background): “Since then, biofilms have been recognized to be involved in many clinical infections [2,3], and evidence is accumulating that biofilms contribute to the pathogenesis, especially in chronic infections [4].”
Biofilms: Microbial Cities of Scientific Significance (2014, background): “Despite the fact, of successful attempts in vitro on biofilms, the in vivo mechanism is still poorly understood and requires the insights of the molecular mechanism of bacterial biofilms [127,128].”