Preperformance state, routines and automaticity: What does it take to realize expertise in self-paced events?

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The theory of reinvestment (2008, background): “…pressure are characterized by negative affect (e.g., Baumeister, 1984; Baumeister & Showers, 1986; Beilock & Carr, 2001; Lewis & Linder, 1997; Singer, 2002; Wilson, Smith, & Holmes, 2007) that can modify the attention of the performer, focusing awareness on execution of the movement…”
Quiet Eye Training: Effects on Learning and Performance Under Pressure (2010, background): “Indeed, both Singer and Wulf et al. (2001) explicitly recommend an external focus of attention during execution to help improve learning and maintain performance (see Singer, 2000, 2002; Wulf, 2007, for reviews).”
Mindfulness and Acceptance Approaches in Sport Performance (2009, background): “All of these concepts of optimal experience are usually related to expert performance (Singer, 2002).”
An Investigation of the Relationship Between Mindfulness, Preshot Routine, and Basketball Free Throw Percentage (2009, background): “Singer (2002) suggested that the ability to self regulate one’s arousal level, expectations, confidence, and attention during performance may be as important as becoming skilled in the sport.”