Elk alter habitat selection as an antipredator response to wolves

By S. Creel, John A. Winnie, B. Maxwell, K. Hamlin, M. Creel. 2005

750 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Ecology, Nature and Landscape Conservation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/2378c11b4394873c4b5ebe7b19b43d5feab57005

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In Ecology

In Nature and Landscape Conservation

Citations in the corpus

A comparison of shark and wolf research reveals similar behavioral responses by prey (2011, background): “Following the reintroduction of wolves into Yellowstone National Park in 1995 and 1996, researchers have documented behavioral effects associated with trophic cascades, whereby elk, under the risk of predation by wolves, alter their habitat use and foraging patterns, vigilance, movements, group size”
Do wild ungulates experience higher stress with humans than with large carnivores? (2018, background): “these predation risk effects of both natural predators (Kunkel and Pletscher, 2000; Creel et al. 2005; Kauffman et al. 2007) and human hunters (Proffitt et al.”
Linking wolves to willows via risk-sensitive foraging by ungulates in the northern Yellowstone ecosystem (2006, background): “Conifers may provide hiding cover for elk, which could increase their capability to avoid wolves (Creel et al., 2005; Fortin et al., 2005; Hernández and Laundré, 2005).”
Fluctuating ungulate density shapes tree recruitment in natural stands of the BiałOwieża Primeval Forest, Poland. (2010, background): “2002; Jędrzejewska & Jędrzejewski 2005); on the other hand, their presence can alter behaviour, habitat choice and spatial distribution of ungulate species (Creel et al. 2005; Fortin et al. 2005; Frair et al. 2005).”
Ecosystem feedbacks and cascade processes: understanding their role in the responses of Arctic and alpine ecosystems to environmental change (2009, background): “A growing number of studies propose that predators strongly modulate herbivore numbers (Terborgh et al., 2001; Creel et al., 2005; Gunn et al., 2006) with consequences for vegetation (Beyer et al.”
Effects of predation risk on group size, vigilance, and foraging behavior in an African ungulate community (2014, background): “In contrast, elk (Cervus elaphus) shifted out of preferred grazing sites in open meadows into the cover of coniferous woodland in response to the immediate presence of wolves (Canis lupus) (Creel et al. 2005).”
Hunting increases vigilance levels in roe deer and modifies feeding site selection (2008, positive): “For example, after the reintroduction of wolves, Canis lupus, elk, Cervus elaphus, abandoned meadows (forage-rich and risky habitats) for forests (forage-poor but more secure habitats; Creel et al. 2005; Hernandèz & Laundré 2005).”
Interactions between cougars (Puma concolor) and gray wolves (Canis lupus) in Banff National Park, Alberta (2007, background): “The weaker negative relationship between cougars and elk in corridor and crossing structure models is probably due to predator avoidance behaviour on the part of elk (Creel et al., 2005; Fortin et al., 2005).”
Behavioural adjustments of a large carnivore to access secondary prey in a human‐dominated landscape (2012, background): “Avoidance of risky environments has already been reported for predator-prey relationships (Ripple & Beschta 2004; Creel et al. 2005; Valeix et al. 2009a), as well as at the intra-guild level (Voigt & Earle 1983).”
A Review of Environmental Factors Affecting Elk Winter Diets (2007, background): “In elk, predation risk from wolves is associated with a reduction in the proportion of time spent foraging and an increase in the use of the timbered areas (Creel et al. 2005, Winnie and Creel 2007).”