Memory: A Contribution to Experimental Psychology

By Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885). 2013

certain conditions the employment of a similar range of thought, even if the former does not come before the mind directly either in its methods or in its results. the boundless domain of the effect of accumulated experience belongs here. this effect results from the frequent conscious occurrence of any condition or process, and consists in facilitating the occurrence and progress of similar processes. this effect is not fettered by the condition that the factors constituting the experience shall return in toto to consciousness. this may incidentally be the case with a part of them; it must not happen to a too great extent and with too great clearness, otherwise the course of the present process will immediately be disturbed. Most of these experiences remain concealed from consciousness and yet produce an effect which is significant and which authenticates their previous existence.

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Citations in the corpus

Optoelectronic Synaptic Devices for Neuromorphic Computing (2020, methodology): “The decay of the EPSC/IPSC induced by consecutive stimuli has been shown to be similar to the well-known Ebbinghaus forgetting curve.([73,74])”
The effect of ad rank on the performance of keyword advertising campaigns (2013, background): “As proposed by Ebbinghaus (1885), serial position effect has been well studied across many areas of human cognitive behaviors, including recall formation, impression, and preference development.”
The role of general and number-specific order processing in adults’ arithmetic performance (2017, background): “…view that not only in digit order tasks, but also in month and letter order tasks at least part of the decisions is based on the strength of the associations between the items which are stronger for ascending and close sequences (e.g. Caplan, 2015; Ebbinghaus, 1964; Lewandowsky & Murdock, 1989).”
A Survey on the Memory Mechanism of Large Language Model-based Agents (2024, unknown): “By leveraging these datasets, developers can tailor memory capabilities to better handle task-specific challenges, resulting in more efficient and responsive LLM-based agents.”
Usage‐Based Language: Investigating the Latent Structures That Underpin Acquisition (2013, background): “Frequency of exposure promotes learning and entrenchment (e.g., Anderson, 2000; Ebbinghaus, 1885).”
Note on the power law of forgetting (2017, background): “INTRODUCTION Ever since Ebbinghaus (1885/1913) inaugurated the scientific study of memory, researchers have examined the manner in which memory performance declines with time or intervening events (i.e., the forgetting function). Although it has long been known that forgetting occurs rapidly at firs”
Error and expectation in language learning: The curious absence of mouses in adult speech (2013, background): “Here again, the initial tendency to overregularize arises out of the frequency of different word forms and the frequency and distribution of the cues to them, before resolving itself as a result of the distribution of error among these same cues.”
MUlti-Store Tracker (MUSTer): A cognitive psychology inspired approach to object tracking (2015, methodology): “To model remembering-forgetting, we employ the famous forgetting curve [9] to maintain M and forget unimportant features according to the retention of features.”
Improvements from a Flipped Classroom May Simply Be the Fruits of Active Learning (2015, background): “This could simply be due to the more frequent review of content demanded by the structured approach, as would be suggested by the spacing effect (Ebbinghaus, 1885).”
Statistical Measures for Usage‐Based Linguistics (2015, unknown): “From its very beginnings, psychological research has recognized three major experiential factors that affect cognition: frequency, recency, and context of usage (e.g., Anderson, 2000; Bartlett, 1932/1967; Ebbinghaus, 1885).”
Active Protection: Learning-Activated Raf/MAPK Activity Protects Labile Memory from Rac1-Independent Forgetting. (2018, unknown): “More than a century ago, Ebbinhaus’s pioneering studies on human forgetting indicated that about two-thirds of memory decays rapidly within a few hours after learning (Ebbinghaus, 1885/1913).”
Replication and Analysis of Ebbinghaus’ Forgetting Curve (2015, methodology): “To help answer these questions, we consulted not only the widely published text of 1885 [9], which was translated into English in 1913 [20], but also an earlier report of 1880 [8].”