Extended virulence genotypes of Escherichia coli strains from patients with urosepsis in relation to phylogeny and host compromise.

By J. R. Johnson, A. Stell. Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2000

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Rapid and Simple Determination of theEscherichia coli Phylogenetic Group (2000, background): “The first is in bioclinical practice, given the established link between phylogenetic group and virulence (4, 7, 12, 19).”
The etiology of urinary tract infection: traditional and emerging pathogens. (2002, background): “In addition, new molecular assays have identified 29 virulence factor genes of E coli.(32) Research comparing UTI among nonimmunocompromised, immunocompromised, and renal disease patients found E coli was the most frequently isolated pathogen among all groups.”
The Clermont Escherichia coli phylo-typing method revisited: improvement of specificity and detection of new phylo-groups. (2013, background): “Significantly, strains responsible for extra-intestinal infection were far more likely to be members of phylo-groups B2 or D than A or B1 (Picard et al., 1999; Johnson and Stell, 2000).”
Proposal for a new inclusive designation for extraintestinal pathogenic isolates of Escherichia coli: ExPEC. (2000, background): “), the specific virulence gene profiles of isolates from any particular EI can be extremely diverse [14], suggesting that there exist multiple alternative bacterial solutions to the challenge of being a successful pathogen at various host sites.”