The Polycomb Complex PRC2 and its Mark in Life

By R. Margueron, D. Reinberg. Nature, 2011

3,236 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Polycomb group proteins maintain the gene-expression pattern of different cells that is set during early development by regulating chromatin structure. In mammals, two main Polycomb group complexes exist — Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and 2 (PRC2). PRC1 compacts chromatin and catalyses the monoubiquitylation of histone H2A. PRC2 also contributes to chromatin compaction, and catalyses the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27. PRC2 is involved in various biological processes, including differentiation, maintaining cell identity and proliferation, and stem-cell plasticity. Recent studies of PRC2 have expanded our perspectives on its function and regulation, and uncovered a role for non-coding RNA in the recruitment of PRC2 to target genes.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/197221ac02831be988a0a8af742fb271524ffac0

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Citations in the corpus

Transcriptional Regulation and its Misregulation in Disease (2013, positive): “Similarly, various mutations in the Polycomb components EZH2 and SUZ12 and in the DNA methylation apparatus occur in multiple cancers, suggesting that in these instances it is the loss of proper gene silencing that contributes to tumorigenesis (Cedar and Bergman, 2012; Jones, 2012; Margueron and Rei”
Occupying chromatin: Polycomb mechanisms for getting to genomic targets, stopping transcriptional traffic, and staying put (2013, background): “The overall impact of JARID2 loss upon K27me3 levels in cells is relatively mild, with some targets showing modest increases, some showing decreases, and bulk K27me3 levels not much altered (reviewed in Herz and Shilatifard, 2010; Margueron and Reinberg, 2011).”
The histone H3.3K27M mutation in pediatric glioma reprograms H3K27 methylation and gene expression. (2013, background): “Furthermore, the levels ofHP1a, theH3K9me3 reader, and Suz12 and Ezh2, two subunits of the PRC2 complex (Simon and Kingston 2009; Margueron and Reinberg 2011; Yang et al. 2012), were not altered significantly in these cells (Fig.”
Synergistic drug combinations for cancer identified in a CRISPR screen for pairwise genetic interactions (2017, positive): “In each case, the corresponding genes were correctly clustered together in complexes according to previous annotations 42–44 .”
Mechanisms and Functions of Long Non-Coding RNAs at Multiple Regulatory Levels (2019, background): “COLDAIR mainly binds to CURLY LEAF (CLF) components in the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) complex, and the PRC2 complex is then recruited to the FLC chromatin and mediates trimethylation of H3K27, thereby establishing FLC silencing during v nalization.”
Genome Regulation by Polycomb and Trithorax: 70 Years and Counting. (2017, positive): “…for their ability to maintain the memory of HOX gene expression patterns throughout development (Cavalli and Paro, 1998; Grimaud et al., 2006b; Margueron and Reinberg, 2011; Poux et al., 2002; Schwartz and Pirrotta, 2007), but how powerful is this memory function, and what are its mechanisms?”
Cancer epigenetics: from mechanism to therapy. (2012, background): “Early gene-expression studies implicated the overexpression of EZH2 as a progressive event that conferred a poor prognosis in prostate and breast cancer (Margueron and Reinberg, 2011).”
Ki-67: more than a proliferation marker (2018, background): “The associated proteins include UHRF1, which binds H3K9me3 and DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 (Bostick et al. 2007); SUZ12, a component of H3K27 methyltransferase complex PRC2 (Pasini et al. 2004); and TIP5, the major component of the nucleolar remodeling complex (NoRC) which contributes to the silent ”
PCGF Homologs, CBX Proteins, and RYBP Define Functionally Distinct PRC1 Family Complexes (2012, background): “344 Molecular Cell 45, 344–356, February 10, 2012 a2012 Elsevier In which catalyze two repressive histone PTMs: monoubiquitination of histone H2A at lysine-119 (H2AK119ub1) and methylation of histone H3 at lysine-27 (H3K27me), respectively (Margueron and Reinberg, 2011; Simon and Kingston, 2009).”
Control of cell identity genes occurs in insulated neighborhoods in mammalian chromosomes (2014, positive): “These repressed lineage-specifying genes are occupied by Polycomb group proteins in ESCs (Boyer et al., 2006; Lee et al., 2006; Margueron and Reinberg, 2011; Squazzo et al., 2006).”
The tissue-specific lncRNA Fendrr is an essential regulator of heart and body wall development in the mouse (2013, background): “In particular, PRC2 catalyzes the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27me3), which is repressive to gene activity, while the TrxG/MLL complex catalyzes the methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (H3K4me3), which acts as an activating mark (Margueron and Reinberg, 2011; Schuettengruber et al.,”