Response Effects in Surveys on Children and Adolescents: The Effect of Number of Response Options, Negative Wording, and Neutral Mid-Point

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Children and adolescents as respondents. Experiments on question order, response order, scale effects and the effect of numeric values associated with response options (2005, background): “Previous research has demonstrated that questions differ in terms of formal characteristics as well as in terms of the difficulty in answering them (Borgers et al. 2003a, 2003b).”
In Search of the Optimal Number of Response Categories in a Rating Scale (2014, background): “Borgers, Hox, and Sikkel (2004) suggested that 6 points yielded better reliability than 4 points.”
Using the fun toolkit and other survey methods to gather opinions in child computer interaction (2006, background): “However, research about the efficacy of the different methods of surveying children is relatively scarce, and in particular, when children are asked to contribute opinions,, studies that examine the validity and reliability of the children’s responses are rare [5].”
Validating the Fun Toolkit: an instrument for measuring children’s opinions of technology (2008, background): “However, research about the efficacy of the different styles and usages of surveys with children is relatively scarce, and, in particular, when children are asked to contribute opinions, studies that examine the validity and reliability of the children’s responses are rare (Borgers et al. 2004).”