Application of prebiotics and probiotics in poultry production.

By J. Patterson, KM Burkholder. Poultry Science, 2003

1,544 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The intestinal microbiota, epithelium, and immune system provide resistance to enteric pathogens. Recent data suggest that resistance is not solely due to the sum of the components, but that cross-talk between these components is also involved in modulating this resistance. Inhibition of pathogens by the intestinal microbiota has been called bacterial antagonism, bacterial interference, barrier effect, colonization resistance, and competitive exclusion. Mechanisms by which the indigenous intestinal bacteria inhibit pathogens include competition for colonization sites, competition for nutrients, production of toxic compounds, or stimulation of the immune system. These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive, and inhibition may comprise one, several, or all of these mechanisms. Consumption of fermented foods has been associated with improved health, and lactic acid bacteria (lactobacilli and bifidobacteria) have been implicated as the causative agents for this improved health. Research over the last century has shown that lactic acid bacteria and certain other microorganisms can increase resistance to disease and that lactic acid bacteria can be enriched in the intestinal tract by feeding specific carbohydrates. Increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics in humans has caused an increase in public and governmental interest in eliminating sub-therapeutic use of antibiotics in livestock. An alternative approach to sub-therapeutic antibiotics in livestock is the use of probiotic microorganisms, prebiotic substrates that enrich certain bacterial populations, or synbiotic combinations of prebiotics and probiotics. Research is focused on identifying beneficial bacterial strains and substrates along with the conditions under which they are effective.

Subfields: Animal Science and Zoology, Food Science, Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/13b5be618f9981851c3b65124b70a39939a38867

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Citations in the corpus

The current status and future focus of probiotic and prebiotic applications for salmonids (2010, background): “As it is unlikely to find a candidate that will fulfil all of these characteristics we should begin to further explore the possibilities of simultaneously using several probiotics or the use of probiotics with prebiotics (termed synbiotics) (Patterson and Burkholder, 2003).”
Antibiotic-Producing Bacteria as a Possible Defence of Birds against Pathogenic Microorganisms (2010, background): “Therefore, it is possible that through bacterial interference, antibiotic producing bacteria are, at least partially, responsible for maintaining optimal intestinal flora and preventing colonization by exogenous pathogens [4, 27, 28].”
Antibiotic Resistance in Poultry (2009, background): “in Europe and the potential for a ban in the United States and many developed countries, there is increasin g interest in using probiotics that have potential to reduce enteric disease in poultry and subsequent contamination of poultry products ( Patterson and Burkholder, 2003 ).”
Effects of dietary probiotic and prebiotic supplementation on growth performance and serum IgG concentration of broilers (2008, background): “Under certain conditions probiotics alter the intestinal microbiota and immune system to reduce colonization by pathogens (Patterson & Burkholder, 2003).”
Probiotics and phytogenics for poultry: myth or reality? (2010, background): “, resistance to gastric acid and bile acids) and adherence to mucosal cells are considered to be important selection criteria for probiotic activity in humans [13].”
Potential strategies for controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens in post-antibiotic era (2006, positive): “(Patterson and Burkholder, 2003; Jin et al., 1998, 2000; Gusils et al., 1999; Lan et al., 2003).”
Effects of Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics on Human Health (2017, background): “The most promising and fulfilling criteria for the classification of prebiotic substances, as evidenced by in vitro and in vivo studies, are oligosaccharides, including [142,143]: fructooligosaccharides (FOS), galactooligosaccharides (GOS), isomaltooligosaccharides (IMO), xylooligosaccharides (XOS),”
Dietary modulation of gut microflora in broiler chickens: a review of the role of six kinds of alternatives to in-feed antibiotics (2009, background): “The dominant prebiotics are fructo-oligosaccharide products (FOS, oligofructose, inulin) (Patterson and Burkholder, 2003); gluco-oligosaccharides, stachyose, malto-oligosaccharides, and oligochitosan have also been investigated in broiler chickens (Zhang et al., 2003; Gao and Shan, 2004; Jiang et…”
Effect of dietary supplementation of multi-strain probiotic on broiler growth performance. (2005, background): “…and microbial fermentation products which are beneficial to decrease the undesirable microflora population in the gastrointestinal tract of chicks (Chiang and Hsieh, 1995) and build-up resistance against diseases by stimulating the immune system (Cheeke, 1991; Patterson and Burkholder, 2003).”
Beneficial effects of four Bacillus strains on the larval cultivation of Litopenaeus vannamei (2011, background): “Currently, it is unknown whether Bacillus cells, spores, or both are responsible for competitive exclusion and probiotic effects that are attributed to several Bacillus species that allow them to transit successfully between animal gut and soil (Patterson and Burkholder, 2003; Sanders et al., 2003).”