The Overlap Model: A Model of Letter Position Coding
By Pablo Gómez, Roger Ratcliff, Manuel Perea. Psychology Review, 2008
410 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Recent research has shown that letter identity and letter position are not integral perceptual dimensions (e.g., jugde primes judge in word-recognition experiments). Most comprehensive computational models of visual word recognition (e.g., the interactive activation model, J. L. McClelland & D. E. Rumelhart, 1981, and its successors) assume that the position of each letter within a word is perfectly encoded. Thus, these models are unable to explain the presence of effects of letter transposition (trial-trail), letter migration (beard-bread), repeated letters (moose-mouse), or subset/superset effects (faulty-faculty). The authors extend R. Ratcliff's (1981) theory of order relations for encoding of letter positions and show that the model can successfully deal with these effects. The basic assumption is that letters in the visual stimulus have distributions over positions so that the representation of one letter will extend into adjacent letter positions. To test the model, the authors conducted a series of forced-choice perceptual identification experiments. The overlap model produced very good fits to the empirical data, and even a simplified 2-parameter model was capable of producing fits for 104 observed data points with a correlation coefficient of .91.
Subfields: Developmental and Educational Psychology, Statistics and Probability
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/13280e57c8e593bdddf2df1846334c05c90f836f
How researchers see this paper
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In Developmental and Educational Psychology
- Colin J. Davis
- Manuel Perea
- M. Casteren
- Sachiko Kinoshita
- Dennis Norris
- Pablo Gómez
- Carmen Moret-Tatay
- Victoria Panadero
In Statistics and Probability
Citations in the corpus
- The spatial coding model of visual word identification. (2010, methodology): “The overlap model (Gomez et al., 2008) is a noisy version of position-specific coding, in which the representation of a letter extends into adjacent positions.”
- The effects of inter-letter spacing in visual-word recognition: Evidence with young normal readers and developmental dyslexics (2012, background): “Thus, one fair question to ask is whether or not the choice of the parameters for children books, and more specifically, the choice of the default inter-letter spacing, is optimal.”
- A stimulus sampling theory of letter identity and order (2010, methodology): “The match scores for the slot-coding, SOLAR, the Constrained Open Bigram (Schoonbaert & Grainger, 2004), the most recent version of SERIOL (Whitney, 2008; Whitney & Cornelissen, 2008), and the Overlap Open Bigram (Grainger, et al., 2006) models for each of the primes and the target for the stimuli u”