The PSI-Process Scales. A new measure to assess the intensity and breadth of parasocial processes

By Holger Schramm, Tilo Hartmann. 2008

259 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Communication, Gender Studies, Literature and Literary Theory

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0a15d78cf670408da4ea4cd1ad3b01183dc8e20f

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Citations in the corpus

Podcasts and Productivity: A Qualitative Uses and Gratifications Study (2018, background): “…into existing media use typologies, such as emotional, cognitive, social, habitual, or affective (see, e.g., Krcmar & Strizhakova, 2009; Schramm & Hartmann, 2008; Wang & Tchernev, 2012) and to integrate established U&G with emergent gratifications from newer media (e.g., Ferguson &…”
Good guy vs. bad guy: the influence of parasocial interactions with media characters on brand placement effects (2015, unknown): “Character attractiveness was measured using three previously approved items by Schramm and Hartmann (2008).”
Horton and Wohl Revisited: Exploring Viewers' Experience of Parasocial Interaction (2011, methodology): “Moderate zero-order correlations show that the EPSI scale measures something different than the PSI scale (Rubin & Perse, 1987) (r = .43, p .01) and the Parasocial Process scale (Schramm & Hartmann, 2008) (r = .48, p .01).”
Parasocial interactions with real and virtual influencers: The role of perceived similarity and human-likeness (2022, background): “…concept has evolved notably and now encompasses a variety of cognitive (e.g. thinking about the character’s behavior), affective (e.g. feeling empathic toward the character), and conative (e.g. laughing about something the character said) elements (Dibble et al., 2016; Schramm and Hartmann, 2008).”
Building Meaningful Parasocial Relationships Between Toddlers and Media Characters to Teach Early Mathematical Skills (2013, background): “…used interchangeably (Horton & Wohl, 1956), these terms have now been separated conceptually to distinguish potentially one-time parasocial interactions with characters, from ongoing, meaningful relationships with media characters (i.e., parasocial relationships; Schramm & Hartmann, 2008).”
A Model and Measure of US Parents' Perceptions of Young Children's Parasocial Relationships (2014, methodology): “Parasocial interactions (PSI) occur within a single media experience, whereas PSR extend beyond any one instance of media exposure (Schramm & Hartmann, 2008).”
The Perceived Fit between Instagram Influencers and the Endorsed Brand (2019, background): “That study incorporated the concept of parasocial interactions, which represent the nonreciprocal cognitive, affective, and conative interactions of media users with the media personality (Horton and Wohl, 1956; Schramm and Hartmann, 2008).”