Epigenetic choreographers of neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain

By Dengke K. Ma, M. Marchetto, Junjie U. Guo, Guo-li Ming, Fred H. Gage, Hongjun Song. 2010

341 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Epigenetic mechanisms regulate cell differentiation during embryonic development and also serve as important interfaces between genes and the environment in adulthood. Neurogenesis in adults, which generates functional neural cell types from adult neural stem cells, is dynamically regulated by both intrinsic state-specific cell differentiation cues and extrinsic neural niche signals. Epigenetic regulation by DNA and histone modifiers, non-coding RNAs and other self-sustained mechanisms can lead to relatively long-lasting biological effects and maintain functional neurogenesis throughout life in discrete regions of the mammalian brain. Here, we review recent evidence that epigenetic mechanisms carry out diverse roles in regulating specific aspects of adult neurogenesis and highlight the implications of such epigenetic regulation for neural plasticity and disorders.

Subfields: Developmental Neuroscience, Genetics, Molecular Biology

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Citations in the corpus

Functional annotation of the human brain methylome identifies tissue-specific epigenetic variation across brain and blood (2012, background): “Epigenetic processes control several neurobiological and cognitive processes, including neurogenesis and brain development [2], neuronal activity [3], learning and memory [4], drug addiction [5], neurodegeneration [6], and circadian rhythm [7].”
Epigenetic regulation of neurogenesis in the adult mammalian brain (2011, background): “Interested readers are encouraged to read additional reviews on related topics (Ma et al., 2009d, 2010; Covic et al., 2010; Hsieh & Eisch, 2010).”
Hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine by TET1 promotes active DNA demethylation in the adult brain (2011, neutral): “…brain, whereas the DNA epigenome is stable at the genome-wide level (Ma et al., 2009b), emerging evidence suggests the presence of active DNA modifications at specific genomic loci, and these modifications are critical for certain types of brain plasticity (Day and Sweatt, 2010; Ma et al., 2010).”
Neurodegenerative disease and adult neurogenesis (2011, background): “hippocampus- or OB-dependent functions in the formation of new memories, acquisition of new skills and olfactory learning may in part be attributable to adult neurogenesis at different stages (reviewed in Mu et al., 2010; Aimone et al., 2010; Ma et al., 2010).”
Adult Mammalian Neural Stem Cells and Neurogenesis: Five Decades Later (2015, background): “Methyl-CpG binding proteins bind to methylated DNA to regulate gene expression and neurogenesis (Ma et al., 2010).”