Behavioral models of impulsivity in relation to ADHD: Translation between clinical and preclinical studies

By C. Winstanley, D. M. Eagle, Trevor W. Robbins. Clinical Psychology Review, 2006

856 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Impulsivity, broadly defined as action without foresight, is a component of numerous psychiatric illnesses including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), mania and substance abuse. In order to investigate the mechanisms underpinning impulsive behavior, the nature of impulsivity itself needs to be defined in operational terms that can be used as the basis for empirical investigation. Due to the range of behaviors that the term impulsivity describes, it has been suggested that impulsivity is not a unitary construct, but encompasses a variety of related phenomena that may differ in their biological basis. Through fractionating impulsivity into these component parts, it has proved possible to devise different behavioral paradigms to measure various aspects of impulsivity in both humans and laboratory animals. This review describes and evaluates some of the current behavioral models of impulsivity developed for use with rodents based on human neuropsychological tests, focusing on the five-choice serial reaction time task, the stop-signal reaction time task and delay-discounting paradigms. Furthermore, the contributions made by preclinical studies using such methodology to improve our understanding of the neural and neurochemical basis of impulsivity and ADHD are discussed, with particular reference to the involvement of both the serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, and frontostriatal circuitry.

Subfields: Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0796b748accc74c65c4e32d3a36355c42034cf3e

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In Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

In Cognitive Neuroscience

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Citations in the corpus

Probing Compulsive and Impulsive Behaviors, from Animal Models to Endophenotypes: A Narrative Review (2010, methodology): “Using sensitive and domain-specific neurocognitive tasks, impulsivity and compulsivity may be fractionated into separate and quantifiable neurobiologically specific domains in human beings and experimental animals, with specific aspects involving dissociable components of frontostriatal circuitry ( ”
Emotion-based Dispositions to Rash Action: Positive and Negative Urgency (2008, positive): “[PubMed: 15054475] Winstanley CA, Eagle DM, Robbins TW. Behavioral models of impulsivity in relation to ADHD: Translation between clinical and preclinical studies.”
Impulsivity, compulsivity, and top-down cognitive control. (2011, neutral): “…is actually often reduced by stimulant drugs, whether administered clinically to patients with ADHD (Aron et al., 2003a) or experimental animals (Winstanley et al., 2006a) including self-administration (Dalley et al., 2007), suggests that the drug regulates or remediates, in some sense, the…”