Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease
By Yong Fan, Oluf Pedersen. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2020
3,851 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Observational findings achieved during the past two decades suggest that the intestinal microbiota may contribute to the metabolic health of the human host and, when aberrant, to the pathogenesis of various common metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic liver disease, cardio-metabolic diseases and malnutrition. However, to gain a mechanistic understanding of how the gut microbiota affects host metabolism, research is moving from descriptive microbiota census analyses to cause-and-effect studies. Joint analyses of high-throughput human multi-omics data, including metagenomics and metabolomics data, together with measures of host physiology and mechanistic experiments in humans, animals and cells hold potential as initial steps in the identification of potential molecular mechanisms behind reported associations. In this Review, we discuss the current knowledge on how gut microbiota and derived microbial compounds may link to metabolism of the healthy host or to the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases. We highlight examples of microbiota-targeted interventions aiming to optimize metabolic health, and we provide perspectives for future basic and translational investigations within the nascent and promising research field. In this Review, Fan and Pedersen discuss how the gut microbiota and derived microbial compounds may contribute to human metabolic health and to the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases, and highlight examples of microbiota-targeted interventions aiming to optimize metabolic health.
Subfields: Molecular Biology, Physiology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/04088aac719939d92357990740d45583f4b06242
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Citations in the corpus
- Human gut microbiota in health and disease: Unveiling the relationship (2022, background): “Bacteria and proteobacteria contribute to carbohydrate digestion, gut microbiota, regulation of the immune system, and defense against pathogen colonization (Rosser and Mauri, 2016; Fan and Pedersen, 2021).”
- Microbiota in health and diseases (2022, background): “A healthy microbiota community often demonstrates high taxonomic diversity, high microbial gene richness and stable core microbiota.(18) However, it should be noted that the relative distribution of microorganisms is unique between individuals and may undergo variations within the same individual.”
- Short chain fatty acids: Microbial metabolites for gut-brain axis signalling. (2022, background): “Over recent years, they have been shown to affect physiological systems of the body, including our brain and behaviour, via direct and indirect mechanisms (Agus et al., 2018; Fan and Pedersen, 2021; Sekirov et al., 2010; Rutsch et al., 2020).”
- Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation: a narrative review (2023, background): “T2D had been associated with increased intestinal permeability, able to cause penetration of bacteria across gut barrier, resulting in metabolic endotoxaemia and determining low-grade systemic inflammation [53].”