Influence of high temperature during pre- and post-anthesis stages of floral development on fruit-set and pollen germination in peanut

By P. V. Vara Prasad, Peter Craufurd, Vijaya Gopal Kakani, Tim Wheeler, Kenneth J. Boote. 2001

146 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea L.) crops are often exposed to day temperatures > 35°C for short periods during flowering, resulting in lower yields. Research was conducted to study and quantify the effects of short episodes (1-6 d) of high temperatures during the pre- and post-anthesis stages of floral development on fruit-set, pollen viability, germination and tube growth. Plants of peanut cv. ICGV-86015 were grown in controlled environments at 28/22°C (day/night). High daytime air temperature treatments ranging from 28 (control) to 48°C were imposed at different times between 6 d before anthesis (DBA) and 6 d after anthesis (DAA) for 1, 3 or 6 d. Floral buds or flowers were tagged at different stages to determine fruit-set. Exposure to bud (tissue) temperature ≥ 39°C for 1 d significantly reduced fruit-set compared to the control at 28°C, and the magnitude of the reduction varied with stage of floral development. Floral buds were most sensitive to high temperature at 4 DBA and at anthesis, coinciding with micro-sporogenesis and pollination or fertilisation, respectively. The critical bud temperature at these stages was 33°C, above which fruit-set was reduced by 6% °C -1 . Lower fruit-set due to high temperatures at pre-anthesis and anthesis stages were due to pollen sterility and retarded pollen tube growth, respectively.

Subfields: Agronomy and Crop Science, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fddac3c556fb2ef849dbddbc1ad1f848f28df887

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Citations in the corpus

Super‐optimal temperatures are detrimental to peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) reproductive processes and yield at both ambient and elevated carbon dioxide (2003, unknown): “…day of flower tagging for seed-set, pollen viability was determined through in vitro pollen germination in a medium consisting of 100 mg H3BO3, 250 mg Ca(NO3)2 4H2O, 200 mg MgSO4 7H2O, 100 mg KNO3 and 200 g of sucrose dissolved in 1 L of deionized water (Prasad et al., 2001; Kakani et al., 2002).”
High temperature tolerance in chickpea and its implications for plant improvement (2012, background): “The maximum sensitivity to hot day temperatures (388C) in groundnut occurred anywhere between 6 days before and 15 days after flowering which can reduce the fruit set, i.e. the proportion of flowers producing pegs or pods (Vara Prasad et al. 1999, 2001).”
Heat stress in grain legumes during reproductive and grain-filling phases (2017, background): “There are reports of heat stress reducing pod set in grain legumes including peanut (Vara Prasad et al. 2001), common bean (Gross and Kigel 1994) and cowpea (Ahmed et al. 1992).”
The effect of high temperature stress on male and female reproduction in plants (2015, background): “High temperatures reduce the number of flowering branches that are initiated, and thus the number of flowers per plant (Dawson and Wardlaw, 1989; Allen et al., 1995; Reddy et al., 1992; Young et al., 2004; Prasad et al., 2001, 2002; Harsant et al., 2013).”
Pollen-Based Screening of Soybean Genotypes for High Temperatures (2007, background): “Pod yield, the number of flowers produced, and proportion of flowers that are fertilized were reduced by high temperatures in groundnut (Prasad et al., 2001).”
Response of in vitro pollen germination and pollen tube growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) genotypes to temperature (2002, background): “In ICGV 86015, the critical temperature above which fruit-set is reduced is 34 ∞C, and no fruits are set at 40 ∞C (Prasad et al. 2001).”
Sensitivity of Grain Sorghum to High Temperature Stress during Reproductive Development (2008, unknown): “Short periods (1 to 6 d) of HT stress at fl owering can cause signifi cant decreases in seed numbers and seed yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.) (Jagadish et al., 2007) and peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) (Prasad et al., 2001).”
High temperature stress and spikelet fertility in rice (Oryza sativa L.). (2007, result): “Spikelet temperatures recorded in 2004 were 29.6, 33.7, and 36.2 C, i.e. 0.4, 1.3, and 1.8 C below ambient temperatures, similar to differences observed elsewhere in rice (Satake, 1995) and in peanut flowers in the same growth cabinets (Vara Prasad et al., 2001).”
Species, ecotype and cultivar differences in spikelet fertility and harvest index of rice in response to high temperature stress (2006, background): “…lower seed-set inmost crops including common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.; Gross and Kigel, 1994; Prasad et al., 2002), peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.; Prasad et al., 1999a, 1999b, 2001, 2003), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp; Hall, 1992), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L; Sato et al., 2000),…”
Temperature extremes: Effect on plant growth and development (2015, background): “For peanut (and potentially other legumes) the sensitivity to elevated temperature for a given flower, extends from 6 days prior to opening (pollen cell division and formation) up through the day of anthesis (Prasad et al., 2001).”