The gut microbiota and inflammatory bowel disease
By K. Matsuoka, T. Kanai. Seminars in Immunopathology, 2014
812 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gut. Although the precise cause of IBD remains unknown, the most accepted hypothesis of IBD pathogenesis to date is that an aberrant immune response against the gut microbiota is triggered by environmental factors in a genetically susceptible host. The advancement of next-generation sequencing technology has enabled identification of various alterations of the gut microbiota composition in IBD. While some results related to dysbiosis in IBD are different between studies owing to variations of sample type, method of investigation, patient profiles, and medication, the most consistent observation in IBD is reduced bacterial diversity, a decrease of Firmicutes, and an increase of Proteobacteria. It has not yet been established how dysbiosis contributes to intestinal inflammation. Many of the known IBD susceptibility genes are associated with recognition and processing of bacteria, which is consistent with a role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBD. A number of trials have shown that therapies correcting dysbiosis, including fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotics, are promising in IBD.
Subfields: Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology, Surgery
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fd29446ccc40043b32301da31b41fd6925351499
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Citations in the corpus
- Human gut microbiota in health and disease: Unveiling the relationship (2022, background): “It is also imperative to examine the exact etiology and pathogenesis of IBD.”
- Alteration of Gut Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Cause or Consequence? IBD Treatment Targeting the Gut Microbiome (2019, methodology): “subjects, and materials and methods of analysis [97].”
- Impact of the Gut Microbiota on Intestinal Immunity Mediated by Tryptophan Metabolism (2018, background): “Along with reduced CYP11A1 expression (Coste et al., 2007) and decreased glucocorticoid production (Huang et al., 2014), disorders of intestinal steroidogenesis have been associated with IBD.”
- Mast Cell: A Multi-Functional Master Cell (2016, background): “Mast cells are especially important in the homeostasis of the commensal bacteria of the gut (22).”