Beyond binding: antibody effector functions in infectious diseases
By Lenette L. Lu, T. Suscovich, S. Fortune, G. Alter. Nature reviews. Immunology, 2017
723 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Antibodies play an essential role in host defence against pathogens by recognizing microorganisms or infected cells. Although preventing pathogen entry is one potential mechanism of protection, antibodies can control and eradicate infections through a variety of other mechanisms. In addition to binding and directly neutralizing pathogens, antibodies drive the clearance of bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites via their interaction with the innate and adaptive immune systems, leveraging a remarkable diversity of antimicrobial processes locked within our immune system. Specifically, antibodies collaboratively form immune complexes that drive sequestration and uptake of pathogens, clear toxins, eliminate infected cells, increase antigen presentation and regulate inflammation. The diverse effector functions that are deployed by antibodies are dynamically regulated via differential modification of the antibody constant domain, which provides specific instructions to the immune system. Here, we review mechanisms by which antibody effector functions contribute to the balance between microbial clearance and pathology and discuss tractable lessons that may guide rational vaccine and therapeutic design to target gaps in our infectious disease armamentarium.
Subfields: Immunology, Infectious Diseases, Molecular Biology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fc9eed5c39d96add7a58b191057b144d97c963e4
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Citations in the corpus
- Adaptive immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 (2021, neutral): “Although it was noted above that antibodies stop viruses outside of cells, antibodies can also kill virally infected cells (Lu et al., 2018), and this can be an important mechanism of action in vivo (Benhnia et al.”
- Towards a solution to MERS: protective human monoclonal antibodies targeting different domains and functions of the MERS-coronavirus spike glycoprotein (2019, positive): “…glycoproteins on the surface of infected cells or on viruses may decorate them for destruction through Fc mediated antiviral activities including antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), antibody dependent cell mediated phagocy tosis (ADCP) or complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) [39].”
- Observed Antibody Space: A diverse database of cleaned, annotated, and translated unpaired and paired antibody sequences (2021, background): “1,7 The entire set of antibodies produced in an individual is called their antibody repertoire, also referred to as immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoire or B-cell receptor (BCR) repertoire.”