Evidence of long term global decline in the Earth's thermospheric densities apparently related to anthropogenic effects

By G. Keating, R. Tolson, M. Bradford. 2000

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Anomalously low solar extreme‐ultraviolet irradiance and thermospheric density during solar minimum (2010, result): “The observed rate of change of density at a reference altitude of 400 km is estimated to be 2% to 5% per decade [Keating et al., 2000; Emmert et al., 2004, 2008; Marcos et al., 2005], in approximate agreement with model predictions [Roble and Dickinson, 1989; Rishbeth and Roble, 1992; Akmaev and…”
Causes of low thermospheric density during the 2007–2009 solar minimum (2011, background): “During the past decade, three different groups were able to measure long‐term thermospheric density changes by observing the effect of atmospheric drag on satellites [Keating et al., 2000; Emmert et al., 2004; Marcos et al., 2005].”
Global change in the thermosphere: Compelling evidence of a secular decrease in density (2004, methodology): “Finally, we compare our density trends with those of Keating et al. [2000] and with the theoretical predictions of Roble and Dickinson [1989], Rishbeth and Roble [1992], and Akmaev [2003] and discuss these results.”