Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

By Joseph Biederman, Stephen V. Faraone. The Lancet, 2005

1,219 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity that affects 8-12% of children worldwide. Although the rate of ADHD falls with age, at least half of children with the disorder will have impairing symptoms in adulthood. Twin, adoption, and molecular genetic studies show ADHD to be highly heritable, and other findings have recorded obstetric complications and psychosocial adversity as predisposing risk factors. Converging evidence from animal and human studies implicates the dysregulation of frontal-subcortical-cerebellar catecholaminergic circuits in the pathophysiology of ADHD, and molecular imaging studies suggest that abnormalities of the dopamine transporter lead to impaired neurotransmission. Studies during the past decade have shown the safety and effectiveness of new non-stimulant drugs and long-acting formulations of methylphenidate and amfetamine. Other investigations have also clarified the appropriate role of targeted psychosocial treatments in the context of ongoing pharmacotherapy.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Mental health

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f24ba79759995cacb012ec8b1fa73b6cd817515d

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In Cognitive Neuroscience

In Psychiatry and Mental health

Citations in the corpus

Fundamental components of attention. (2007, background): “In contrast, attention deficit disorder frequently includes an inability to retain information in working memory and/or an inability to maintain attention on a specific task (Biederman & Faraone 2005), suggesting problems with working memory and top-down sensitivity control, respectively.”
A taxonomy of external and internal attention. (2011, positive): “Indeed, understanding how attention is sustained can inform our understanding of clinical disorders such as attention deficit disorder (Biederman & Faraone 2005).”