Theory of ultracold atomic Fermi gases
By S. Giorgini, L. Pitaevskiĭ, S. Stringari. 2007
1,444 citations recorded by the source corpus.
The physics of quantum degenerate atomic Fermi gases in uniform as well as in harmonically trapped configurations is reviewed from a theoretical perspective. Emphasis is given to the effect of interactions that play a crucial role, bringing the gas into a superfluid phase at low temperature. In these dilute systems, interactions are characterized by a single parameter, the s-wave scattering length, whose value can be tuned using an external magnetic field near a broad Feshbach resonance. The BCS limit of ordinary Fermi superfluidity, the Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of dimers, and the unitary limit of large scattering length are important regimes exhibited by interacting Fermi gases. In particular, the BEC and the unitary regimes are characterized by a high value of the superfluid critical temperature, on the order of the Fermi temperature. Different physical properties are discussed, including the density profiles and the energy of the ground-state configurations, the momentum distribution, the fraction of condensed pairs, collective oscillations and pair-breaking effects, the expansion of the gas, the main thermodynamic properties, the behavior in the presence of optical lattices, and the signatures of superfluidity, such as the existence of quantized vortices, the quenching of the moment of inertia, and the consequences ofmore » spin polarization. Various theoretical approaches are considered, ranging from the mean-field description of the BCS-BEC crossover to nonperturbative methods based on quantum Monte Carlo techniques. A major goal of the review is to compare theoretical predictions with available experimental results.« less
Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f1656ca65aa80228b3031527874d6c0e5e239233
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In Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Citations in the corpus
- Fermi gases in one dimension: From Bethe ansatz to experiments (2013, background): “…atomic gases have revealed the beautiful and subtle physics of the quantum world of ultracold atoms, see recent review articles (Bloch et al., 2008, 2012; Chin et al., 2010; Dalfovo et al., 1999; Giorgini et al., 2008; Leggett, 2001; Lewenstein et al., 2007; Regal and Jin, 2006; Zhai, 2009).”
- Magnetic dipole excitations in nuclei: Elementary modes of nucleonic motion (2010, background): “By now, there exists a vast literature on trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (Giorgini et al., 2008; Pitaevskii and Stringari, 2003).”
- Ultra-cold polarized Fermi gases (2010, background): “More information can be found in related reviews, in particular [1, 2, 7, 8].”
- Mathematical Models and Numerical Methods for Bose-Einstein Condensation (2012, methodology): “11) [38, 43, 45, 67].”
- Quantum-enhanced measurements without entanglement (2017, background): “…and matter interference phenomena, and also for applications in quantum information (e.g. see (Cronin et al., 2009; Gerry and Knight, 2005; Giorgini et al., 2008; Haroche and Raimond, 2006; Inguscio et al., 2006; Köhl and Esslinger, 2006; Leggett, 2006; Pethick and Smith, 2004;…”
- Cold and ultracold molecules: science, technology and applications (2009, background): “So, in a harmonic trap, the Fermi surface can be manipulated [262, 263] by changing the trap frequency, by adjusting the number of atoms and by changing the strength and character of the interactions.”
- Low-Disorder Microwave Cavity Lattices for Quantum Simulation with Photons (2012, background): “More recently experiments have been focused on the studying systems of interacting fermions by implementing a fermionic gas [11, 36].”
- Quantum simulations with cold trapped ions (2009, background): “1957, Giorgini et al. 2008] is known from superconductivity and this analogy encourages th hope that this experiments can help to investigate and understand highTc superconductivity [Hofstetter et al. 2002, Holland et al. 2001].”
- (INVITED) Vortex solitons: Old results and new perspectives (2019, background): “Results obtained for the “dark vortices”, starting from the earliest ones [86–88], have been collected in many publications dealing with various settings in photonics [89–95] (including exciton-polariton condensates [96–98], where the vortices exist in dissipative media) and BEC [61, 99–105], as wel”