The pursuit of happiness and the realization of sympathy: Cultural patterns of self, social relations, and well-being.

By Shinobu Kitayama, H. Markus. 2000

436 citations recorded by the source corpus.

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f12cb17f0d7d74e414ea7fa212c63051f23e3f5c

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In Social Psychology

Citations in the corpus

Gender Differences in Happiness and Life Satisfaction Among Adolescents in Hong Kong: Relationships and Self-Concept (2016, background): “Similarly, East Asians feel happier when their interdependent selfhood is affirmed, as opposed to the affirmation of independent selfhood among European Americans (Kitayama and Markus 2000).”
Know Thyself and Become What You Are: A Eudaimonic Approach to Psychological Well-Being (2008, background): “Are there multiple forms of eudaimonic well-being – distinct varieties of self-realization nurtured by different societal contexts and culturally distinct ways of being (Diener and Suh, 2000; Kitayama and Markus, 2000).”
Word and voice: Spontaneous attention to emotional utterances in two languages (2002, neutral): “…Matsumoto, & Norasakkunkit, 1997), social cognition (Morris & Peng, 1994), reasoning (Nisbett et al., 2001), emotion (Kitayama, Markus, & Kurokawa, 2000; Mesquita & Frijda, 1992), motivation (Iyengar & Lepper, 1999), and mental health (Kitayama & Markus, 2000; Suh, Diener, Oishi, & Triandis, 1998).”
Self-Compassion and Self-Construal in the United States, Thailand, and Taiwan (2008, background): “…use self-construal theory to support the proposition that in interdependent cultures such as Japan, people are more self-critical than in the West (Kitayama & Markus, 2000; Kitayama, Markus, Matsumoto, & Norasakkunkit, 1997).1 For instance, Kitayama and Uchida (2003) claim that “explicit…”
Self-Compassion: An Alternative Conceptualization of a Healthy Attitude Toward Oneself (2003, background): “Because individuals from collectivist cultures, Asians in particular, have been described as having a more interdependent sense of self (Markus & Kitayama, 1991; Shweder & Bourne, 1984), and because they are likely to have had some prior exposure to Buddhist teachings on self-compassion through cult”
Folk Theories of Happiness: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of Conceptions of Happiness in Germany and South Africa (2009, background): “Individualistic societies emphasize the needs and rights of the individual (Eaton and Louw 2000), therefore achievement and self-esteem, autonomy, hedonism and stimulation are culturally sanctioned values (Kitayama and Markus 2000; Schwartz 1992).”
The meaningful life in Japan and the United States: Levels and correlates of meaning in life (2008, background): “Further, culture shapes the specific experiences individuals regard as enriching and meaningful (Kitayama & Markus, 2000).”
Self-compassion and psychological well-being among adolescents in Hong Kong: Exploring gender differences (2016, background): “For one thing, such self-view implies great importance of human interconnectedness (Kitayama & Markus, 2000), which may encourage common humanity.”
TARGET ARTICLE: The Nonobvious Social Psychology of Happiness (2005, positive): “Kitayama and Markus (2000) emphasized that what it means “to be well” differs across cultures.”
Culture and conceptions of happiness: individual oriented and social oriented swb (2004, background): “In contrast, the Japanese (for instance) frequently exhibit a tendency of self-criticism and self-effacement (Heine et al., 1999; Kitayama and Markus, 2000).”
Compassion: An Evolutionary Analysis and Empirical Review (2010, background): “In contemporary psychological research, compassion and related states have been studied in such diverse cultures as Brazil, India, China, Japan, Indonesia, Malaysia, Spain, and Germany (e.g., Dalsky, Gohm, Noguchi, & Shiomura, 2008; Eisenberg, Zhou, & Koller, 2001; Haidt & Keltner, 1999; Hertenstein”
Differences in How Trait Emotional Intelligence Predicts Life Satisfaction: The Role of Affect Balance Versus Social Support in India and Germany (2013, background): “Apparently, these norms affect the emphasis that is placed on the specific criteria used to evaluate one’s well-being (Kitayama and Markus 2000; Suh 2000; Uchida et al. 2004).”
Positive Psychology, Ethnocentrism, and the Disguised Ideology of Individualism (2008, background): “Similarly, self-criticism and its attendant ‘negative’ emotions are thought of in many collectivistic cultures as positive ways of monitoring social expectations (Heine, Lehman, Markus, & Kitayama, 1999; Heine et al., 2001; Kitayama & Markus, 2000).”