The Mechanics and Statistics of Active Matter

By S. Ramaswamy. 2010

1,913 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Active particles contain internal degrees of freedom with the ability to take in and dissipate energy and, in the process, execute systematic movement. Examples include all living organisms and their motile constituents such as molecular motors. This article reviews recent progress in applying the principles of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and hydrodynamics to form a systematic theory of the behavior of collections of active particles–active matter–with only minimal regard to microscopic details. A unified view of the many kinds of active matter is presented, encompassing not only living systems but inanimate analogs. Theory and experiment are discussed side by side.

Subfields: Condensed Matter Physics, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ef9f36e008b2d02cdf0c99b39a74d509d1e6cf6a

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In Condensed Matter Physics

In Physical and Theoretical Chemistry

In Statistical and Nonlinear Physics

Citations in the corpus

Hydrodynamics of soft active matter (2013, background): “…of flocks and active systems have appeared in the recent literature (Toner, Tu, and Ramaswamy, 2005; Jülicher et al., 2007; Joanny and Prost, 2009a; Ramaswamy, 2010; Romanczuk et al., 2012), as well as on the properties of swimmers (Ishikawa, 2009; Lauga and Powers, 2009; Koch and Subramanian,…”
Colloquium: Criticality and dynamical scaling in living systems (2017, background): “…et al., 2013; Bonabeau et al., 1999; Couzin and Krause, 2003; Krause and Ruxton, 2002; Sumpter, 2010) and also, at smaller scales, in bacterial colonies (Nadell et al., 2013; Peruani et al., 2012; Ramaswamy, 2010; Sokolov et al., 2007), and groups of cells in general (Méhes and Vicsek, 2014).”
Active Turbulence (2021, background): “Most theoretical work on turbulence in active nematics is based on hydrodynamic equations for macroscopic slow variables [35, 63, 75, 76].”
Optical tweezers and their applications (2018, background): “Active matter systems are those systems constituted by natural and artificial objects capable of self-propulsion [261].”
Fluid dynamics and noise in bacterial cell–cell and cell–surface scattering (2011, background): “[57] Ramaswamy S (2010) The mechanics and statistics of active matter.”
Stochastic thermodynamics, fluctuation theorems and molecular machines (2012, background): “Quite generally, it will be interesting to investigate stochastic versions of the field equations of active matter [109] from this perspective.”
Liquid-liquid phase separation in biology. (2014, background): “(For more information on active liquids, we refer the reader to Kruse et al. 2004, 2005; Marchetti et al. 2013; Ramaswamy 2010, and references therein.)”
A phase diagram for bacterial swarming (2019, methodology): “…occurrence of large moving clusters, similar to previous findings in bacterial systems [Zhang 2010, Peruani2012] and in contrast to experimental reports and theoretical predictions for e.g., active nematic phases that are assumed to be homogeneous on the large scale [Narayan 2007; Ramaswamy 2010].”
Topological active matter (2020, background): “An important class of such materials is provided by active matter [26–28], which describes large interacting collections of individually self-driven units (see Box 1).”
Physics of adherent cells (2013, background): “…guide the design of new types of materials and further extend the range of phenomena that can be analyzed by concepts and methods from physics (Fletcher and Geissler, 2009; Gonzalez-Rodriguez et al., 2012; Huber et al., 2013; MacKintosh and Schmidt, 2010; Marchetti et al., 2013; Ramaswamy, 2010).”