Functional connectivity of default mode network components: correlation, anticorrelation, and causality

By Lucina Q. Uddin, A. Kelly, Bharat B. Biswal, F. X. Castellanos, Michael P. Milham, X. Castellanos. Human Brain Mapping, 2008

1,145 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The default mode network (DMN), based in ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), exhibits higher metabolic activity at rest than during performance of externally oriented cognitive tasks. Recent studies have suggested that competitive relationships between the DMN and various task‐positive networks involved in task performance are intrinsically represented in the brain in the form of strong negative correlations (anticorrelations) between spontaneous fluctuations in these networks. Most neuroimaging studies characterize the DMN as a homogenous network, thus few have examined the differential contributions of DMN components to such competitive relationships. Here, we examined functional differentiation within the DMN, with an emphasis on understanding competitive relationships between this and other networks. We used a seed correlation approach on resting‐state data to assess differences in functional connectivity between these two regions and their anticorrelated networks. While the positively correlated networks for the vmPFC and PCC seeds largely overlapped, the anticorrelated networks for each showed striking differences. Activity in vmPFC negatively predicted activity in parietal visual spatial and temporal attention networks, whereas activity in PCC negatively predicted activity in prefrontal‐based motor control circuits. Granger causality analyses suggest that vmPFC and PCC exert greater influence on their anticorrelated networks than the other way around, suggesting that these two default mode nodes may directly modulate activity in task‐positive networks. Thus, the two major nodes comprising the DMN are differentiated with respect to the specific brain systems with which they interact, suggesting greater heterogeneity within this network than is commonly appreciated. Hum Brain Mapp 30:625–637, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ee9998a09b419a8769ab4069e2f6ccffc2890bd8

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In Cognitive Neuroscience

Citations in the corpus

Time-frequency dynamics of resting-state brain connectivity measured with fMRI (2009, positive): “…although we focus on connectivity with the PCC, previous studies have indicated the presence of heterogeneity across components of the DMN and their respective anticorrelations (Uddin et al., 2009), and thus greater insight may be obtained by examining the dynamics within subsets of networks.”
Abnormal functional connectivity of default mode sub-networks in autism spectrum disorder patients (2010, methodology): “While seed-voxel correlation techniques can also detect DMN subnetworks (Uddin et al., 2009), ICA has the advantage of identifying sub-networks with subtly different spatiotemporal patterns, without specific ROI restriction.”
Functional connectivity mapping of the human precuneus by resting state fMRI (2012, methodology): “In addition to positive correlations between functionally related brain regions, negative correlations have also been observed between brain regions with theoretically opposed functional roles (Fox et al., 2005; Fransson, 2005; Greicius et al., 2003; Kelly et al., 2008; Uddin et al., 2009; Wang et a”
Resting State fMRI: A Personal History (2012, background): “This work has led to the formulation of several hypotheses about the interaction of rest-related and taskrelated networks and the consequences of these interactions for cognitive performance (Deshpande et al., 2011; Jiao et al., 2011; Uddin et al., 2009).”
EEG correlates of time-varying BOLD functional connectivity (2013, neutral): “Anti-correlated behavior has been found between nodes of the DMN and SN (Fransson, 2005; Uddin et al., 2009), in addition to those of the DMN and DAN; moreover, an interesting dynamic relationship between all three networks has been proposed, with the SN perhaps acting to coordinate switches in…”
Depressive Rumination, the Default-Mode Network, and the Dark Matter of Clinical Neuroscience (2015, background): “For readers interested in additional perspectives on functioning of the DMN, we recommend (20, 26–29).”
Evidence on the emergence of the brain's default network from 2-week-old to 2-year-old healthy pediatric subjects (2009, background): “(13) investigated the 2 hubs of the default network and found that the interaction patterns with other networks are significantly different for these 2 hubs, suggesting functional differentiation within the default network,’’ should instead read ‘‘Uddin et al.”
Functional segmentation of the brain cortex using high model order group PICA (2009, background): “Recent findings show that the DMN nodes have separate causality and connectivity characteristics [Sridharan et al., 2008; Uddin et al., 2009].”
Large-Scale Brain Networks in Cognition: Emerging Principles (2010, background): “The DMN thus collectively comprises an integrated system for autobiographical, selfmonitoring, and social cognitive functions, even though a unique task-based function cannot be assigned to each of its nodes (Spreng et al., 2009).”
Effects of model-based physiological noise correction on default mode network anti-correlations and correlations (2009, neutral): “…pre-processing step, or including it as a nuisance covariate when assessing functional connectivity using the general linear model (Clare Kelly et al., 2008; Fair et al., 2008; Fox et al., 2005; Fransson, 2005, 2006; Greicius et al., 2003; Tian et al., 2007; Uddin et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2007).”
Graph-Based Network Analysis of Resting-State Functional MRI (2010, positive): “…of the default-mode network into multiple sub-networks is also observed in previous ICA studies (Zuo et al., 2010a) and could imply functional segregation or heterogeneity within the default-mode network (Buckner et al., 2008; Harrison et al., 2008; Kiviniemi et al., 2009; Uddin et al., 2009).”
A Brain-Wide Study of Age-Related Changes in Functional Connectivity. (2015, background): “Uddin et al. (2009) argued that the negative correlations between the DMN and FPCN result from a unilateral influence of the DMN on the FPCN.”