Autoimmune Disease and Impaired Uptake of Apoptotic Cells in MFG-E8-Deficient Mice

By R. Hanayama, Masato Tanaka, Kay Miyasaka, K. Aozasa, Masato Koike, Y. Uchiyama, S. Nagata. Science, 2004

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Apoptotic cells promote their own clearance and immune tolerance through activation of LXR (2009, neutral): “Phagocytosis was expressed as phagocytic index (PI): number of cells ingested per total number of macrophages 3 100 (Fadok et al., 1998b; Hanayama et al., 2004).”
C-reactive protein: ligands, receptors and role in inflammation. (2005, background): “CRP binds to both apoptotic and necrotic cells and deficiencies in the clearance of apoptotic cells have been associated with autoimmune disease [30,31].”
Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3)-associated phagocytosis is required for the efficient clearance of dead cells (2011, background): “Phagocytes use numerous receptors that directly recognize PtdSer or extracellular PtdSer-binding bridge molecules (4, 5).”
Dendritic cells: translating innate to adaptive immunity. (2006, background): “, for the Mer family of tyrosine kinases [115], the phosphatidyl serine receptor [116], and MFG-E8 [117].”
Macrophages: development and tissue specialization. (2015, background): “MFG-E8 deficiency results in the failure to remove apoptotic B cells and leads to autoimmunity (206).”