Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part I: The role of infection

By A. Ascherio, K. Munger. Annals of Neurology, 2007

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Interferons at age 50: past, current and future impact on biomedicine (2007, background): “epidemiological studies highlight epstein-barr virus and low plasma levels of vitamin D, and genetic studies implicate several polymorphic variants of immune response genes [198] [199] [200] [201] .”
Multiple sclerosis – a review (2018, background): “Being truly EBV negative protects from developing MS [12,13]; symptomatic EBV infection (i.”
Multiple sclerosis: geoepidemiology, genetics and the environment. (2010, background): “A role for the neurotrophic human herpes simplex virus 6 (HHV-6) has also been proposed [32].”
Meningeal inflammation is widespread and linked to cortical pathology in multiple sclerosis. (2011, result): “This scenario would be compatible with the serological evidence linking Epstein–Barr virus infection to multiple sclerosis (Ascherio and Munger, 2007 ) and with the unique ability of Epstein–Barr virus to infect and immortalize B cells.”
Proinflammatory T-cell responses to gut microbiota promote experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (2010, background): “Furthermore, several reports have suggested that MS in humans is associated with microbial contact; paradoxically, some microorganisms seem to potentiate disease, whereas others seem to prevent MS (6).”