Access to cellulose limits the efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis: the role of amorphogenesis

By V. Arantes, J. Saddler. Biotechnology for Biofuels, 2010

599 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The efficient enzymatic saccharification of cellulose at low cellulase (protein) loadings continues to be a challenge for commercialization of a process for bioconversion of lignocellulose to ethanol. Currently, effective pretreatment followed by high enzyme loading is needed to overcome several substrate and enzyme factors that limit rapid and complete hydrolysis of the cellulosic fraction of biomass substrates. One of the major barriers faced by cellulase enzymes is their limited access to much of the cellulose that is buried within the highly ordered and tightly packed fibrillar architecture of the cellulose microfibrils. Rather than a sequential 'shaving' or 'planing' of the cellulose fibrils from the outside, it has been suggested that these inaccessible regions are disrupted or loosened by non-hydrolytic proteins, thereby increasing the cellulose surface area and making it more accessible to the cellulase enzyme complex. This initial stage in enzymatic saccharification of cellulose has been termed amorphogenesis. In this review, we describe the various amorphogenesis-inducing agents that have been suggested, and their possible role in enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose.

Subfields: Biomaterials, Biomedical Engineering, Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e5635a304ac16fe88cdca48eae995176648362e3

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Biomaterials

In Biomedical Engineering

Citations in the corpus

Wood based lignin reactions important to the biorefinery and pulp and paper industries. (2013, background): “This cellulose is buried within a matrix of lignin and part of the highly ordered, tightly packed fibrillar architecture of the cellulose microfibrils, making cellulolytic attacks very difficult (Arantes and Saddler 2010).”
Characterization of cellulose crystallinity after enzymatic treatment using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (2017, unknown): “The amorphogenesis model of LPMO activity was based upon a physical disruption of cellulose crystallinity resulting in a more digestible material (Arantes and Saddler 2010).”
Bioconversion of lignocellulose: inhibitors and detoxification (2013, background): “Hydrolysis of cellulose can be catalyzed by using strong inorganic acids or hydrolytic enzymes, including cellulases [13,14].”
Spherical cellulose nanoparticles preparation from waste cotton using a green method (2014, result): “Additionally, change in the intensity and width of the FTIR band in 3800–3000 cm−1 of hydrolyzed cotton showed that the cellulase enzyme could weaken and split the hydrogen bonds in the cellulose structure as reported by others [50,51] (Fig.”