The problem of fit between ecosystems and institutions

By Carl Folke, Lowell Pritchard. 2007

798 citations recorded by the source corpus.

An internal combustion engine ignition system wherein both arc-creating and arc-maintaining voltages are applied to the spark plug or plugs through a single ignition transformer energized through a single primary circuit in the well-known "Kettering" circuit. A switch in the primary circuit, preferably a transistor, repeatedly switches "on" and "off" to create a plurality of primary current on and current off events during each ignition period. The ignition coil primary to secondary turns ratio, the duration of the current on and current off events, and the various circuit parameters are chosen (a) to create by transformer action an ignition arc-sustaining potential of sufficient magnitude to maintain a previously initiated ignition arc across the spark plug arc gap as the current builds up during each current on event; (b) to generate an initial high inductive discharge arc-striking voltage spike across the spark plug air gap when the switch is abruptly switched off at the commencement of the subsequent current off event; and (c) to create a sustained arc-maintaining voltage for the balance of the switch off event after the arc is struck due to the inductive current decrement under arcing conditions. As a consequence of this action, the arc is normally struck at the inception of the first off event and is maintained until after the last on event, and at the same time the arc may be restruck at the commencement of any of the subsequent off events should it go out.

Subfields: Global and Planetary Change, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e5632ea39a2c8a771cc81d763bca17d3f8666b34

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Citations in the corpus

RESILIENCE: THE EMERGENCE OF A PERSPECTIVE FOR SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ANALYSES (2006, background): “It is now clear that patterns of production, consumption and wellbeing develop not only from economic and social relations within and between regions but also depend on the capacity of other regions’ ecosystems to sustain them (Arrow et al., 1995; Folke et al., 1998).”
Mapping social–ecological systems: Identifying ‘green-loop’ and ‘red-loop’ dynamics based on characteristic bundles of ecosystem service use (2015, background): “…are complex adaptive systems (Levin et al., 2013), we expect that these systems are shaped by the interaction of social and ecological factors, which means that the emergent system boundaries are likely not simply additive combinations of social and ecological boundaries (Folke et al., 2007).”
The Emergent Network Structure of the Multilateral Environmental Agreement System (2013, background): “…to support the argument that the multilateral environmental agreement system as a whole has been coevolving with its external environment by inducing changes on itself and improving the ‘fit’ with the target biophysical systems or processes (Young, 2002; Folke et al., 2007; Galaz et al., 2008).”
Network analysis in conservation biogeography: challenges and opportunities (2010, background): “Cumming et al. (2006) and Folke et al. (2007) have argued that many social– ecological management problems arise from a mismatch between the scales of ecological processes and the scales of social processes.”
Governance, scale and the environment: the importance of recognizing knowledge claims in transdisciplinary arenas (2011, background): “According to these authors, mismatch or “misfit” occurs when there is a lack of fit between ecological processes and the scope and mechanisms of institutions that are aiming to address ecological problems (for an overview, see Cumming et al. 2006, Folke et al. 2007, and Soberon and Sarukhan 2009).”
Polycentric Systems of Governance: A Theoretical Model for the Commons (2019, background): “Cross-jurisdiction decisionmaking may be especially critical to fit, as Folke et al. (2007) argue that that the ecosystem properties that are most challenging for governance actors are those that are linked across jurisdictions or scales.”
Live long and prosper: collective action, social capital and social vision (2000, background): “Increasing human impact on the environment has led to broad and unique global environmental challenges (Turner et al., 1990) that are characterized by complex technological, social and ecological systems interacting at variable spatial and temporal scale (Folke et al., 1998; Gibson et al., 1998).”
Spatial Fit, from Panacea to Practice: Implementing the EU Water Framework Directive (2012, background): “Within the broad discourse on the concept of fit and its relevance for the governance of social–ecological systems, problems of spatial fit have attracted particular attention (Young and Underdal 1997, Folke et al. 1998, 2007, Young 2002, 2005, Galaz et al. 2008).”
U.S. wildfire governance as social-ecological problem (2016, background): “…wildfire behavior, and climate have created a new set of conditions for which our existing governance structures are poorly suited to address (Moritz et al. 2014, Spies et al. 2014), problems not unique to the realm of wildfire (Cash et al. 2006, Folke et al. 2007, Young et al. 2008, Meek 2011).”
Companion Modelling: A Participatory Approach to Support Sustainable Development (2010, background): “The challenge in terms of representing socio-ecological systems is how to better take into account their co-evolutionary character and their capacity to adapt to change (Folke et al. 2007).”
Neoliberal Policy and Deforestation in Southeastern Mexico: An Assessment of the PROCAMPO Program (2003, background): “…is needed to link such policies empirically to local-level decision making, both to facilitate programmatic assessments and to contribute to an understanding of how crossscalar dynamics drive processes of land-use change (Bebbington 2002, 118; Folke et al. 1998; Gibson, Ostrom, and Ahn 1998).”
Research, part of a Special Feature on A Framework for Analyzing, Comparing, and Diagnosing Social-Ecological Systems Applying the social-ecological system framework to the diagnosis of urban lake commons in Bangalore, India (2014, background): “Compounding these challenges is the mismatch between current institutions and ecological dynamics, a gap that is widening due to urbanization and the consequent increased separation between humans and nature in cities (Folke et al. 2007, Colding 2012).”
Robustness of Social-Ecological Systems: Implications for Public Policy (2013, background): “Although we know resource users are able to overcome collective action problems to share common-pool resources and provide public goods, there is increasing interest in addressing the “problem of fit,”: the interplay between institutional arrangements and ecological dynamics (Folke et al., 2007; You”