Structural variations and stabilising modifications of synthetic siRNAs in mammalian cells.

By Frank Czauderna, M. Fechtner, S. Dames, H. Aygün, A. Klippel, G. Pronk, K. Giese, J. Kaufmann. Nucleic Acids Research, 2003

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Unlocking the potential of the human genome with RNA interference (2004, background): “Several groups have developed backbone modifications to synthetic siRNAs that provide them with resistance to serum nucleases and should therefore increase the half-life of circulating siRNAs in animal model”
Innovative approaches for cancer treatment: current perspectives and new challenges (2019, background): “Chemical modifications include the insertion of a phosphorothioate at 3’ end to reduce exonuclease degradation [184], the”
Current prospects for RNA interference-based therapies (2011, background): “This modification also improves serum stability by reducing susceptibility to RNase”
Illuminating the silence: understanding the structure and function of small RNAs (2007, neutral): “Could other enzymes amplify the dsRNA triggers? Or, alternatively, could any enzymes amplify siRNAs? The role of 3′-OH groups in RNAi activity was determined by using siRNA duplexes that contained a 3′ end that had been blocked with various moieties such as puromycin, biotin or fluorescein instea”
Position-specific chemical modification of siRNAs reduces "off-target" transcript silencing. (2006, background): “4 live 4/C substitutions on the sense strand, antisense strand, or both strands were inactive in transcript silencing (Elbashir et al. 2001; Amarzguioui et al. 2003; Braasch et al. 2003; Chiu and Rana 2003; Czauderna et al. 2003).”