Autophagy: a lysosomal degradation pathway with a central role in health and disease.
By E. Eskelinen, P. Saftig. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2009
724 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Autophagy delivers cytoplasmic material and organelles to lysosomes for degradation. The formation of autophagosomes is controlled by a specific set of autophagy genes called atg genes. The magnitude of autophagosome formation is tightly regulated by intracellular and extracellular amino acid concentrations and ATP levels via signaling pathways that include the nutrient sensing kinase TOR. Autophagy functions as a stress response that is upregulated by starvation, oxidative stress, or other harmful conditions. Remarkably, autophagy has been shown to possess important housekeeping and quality control functions that contribute to health and longevity. Autophagy plays a role in innate and adaptive immunity, programmed cell death, as well as prevention of cancer, neurodegeneration and aging. In addition, impaired autophagic degradation contributes to the pathogenesis of several human diseases including lysosomal storage disorders and muscle diseases.
Subfields: Epidemiology, Physiology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/def594797848e503a6ea8d942a60a50d8b33a7b0
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Citations in the corpus
- Anti-apoptosis and cell survival: a review. (2011, background): “[223,363,373,376].”
- p62 links autophagy and Nrf2 signaling. (2015, background): “Given its many critical roles, it is not surprising that impaired autophagic function contributes to a diverse collection of diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, cardiomyopathy, Crohn's disease, diabetes, and fatty liver disease [10,12].”
- Lysosomes as a therapeutic target (2019, background): “Although there has been substantial research in this field, it is still unclear why sophisti cated 'quality control' systems, such as the lysosomeautophagosome system in particular, fail in certain cir cumstances to protect the brain against such protein accumulation 156 .”
- The cell biology of disease: lysosomal storage disorders: the cellular impact of lysosomal dysfunction. (2012, neutral): “A diverse range of cellular material is degraded via macroautophagy, including lipids, carbohydrates and polyubiquitinated proteins, RNA, mitochondria, and fragments of the ER (Eskelinen and Saftig, 2009).”
- Dying for a cause: NETosis, mechanisms behind an antimicrobial cell death modality (2011, neutral): “Autophagy refers to self-digesting processes that target intracellular cargo for degradation in endosomes and lysosomes.(66) Essential functions of autophagy include the maintenance and homeostatic turnover of organelles and biomolecules, induction of the recycling of organelles and biomolecules dur”